纳米材料在木材超疏水领域的应用

doi:10.11896/cldb.24050202

材料导报

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (14): 24050202-10 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24050202

高分子与聚合物基复合材料

纳米材料在木材超疏水领域的应用

郭首政, 邢东^*

内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院,呼和浩特 010018

Research Progress of Nanomaterials in the Field of Wood Super-hydrophobicity

GUO Shouzheng, XING Dong^*

College of Materials Science and Art Design, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

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摘要木材,作为一种天然可再生木质纤维素材料,由于其富含亲水基团和发达的孔隙结构,易发生腐朽和胀裂。基于自然界中“花瓣效应”的启发,木材超疏水处理在防水、防污、防冰等领域均被广泛应用。然而,传统的木材超疏水处理方法存在工艺繁琐、防腐性能差、耐磨性能不足等问题。纳米材料因其特殊的形貌、尺寸和结构,为超疏水木材赋予了全新功能。本文综述了纳米材料在木材超疏水领域的结构设计与制备工艺,系统讨论了纳米材料对超疏水木材性能的影响和超疏水木材在防冰、油水分离、电磁屏蔽、耐紫外线照射、耐真菌等领域的潜在应用,最后就超疏水木材研究现状和存在的问题进行了总结和展望。

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关键词: 纳米材料超疏水木材新型超疏水木材应用

Abstract: As a natural renewable lignocellulosic material, wood is prone to decay and swelling due to its rich hydrophilic groups and well-developed pore structure. Inspired by the “petal effect” in nature, wood super-hydrophobic treatment is widely used in waterproofing, antifouling, anti-icing and other fields. However, the traditional wood super-hydrophobic treatment method has some problems, such as cumbersome process, poor anti-corrosion performance, and insufficient wear resistance. Nanomaterials give new functions to super-hydrophobic wood due to their special morphology, size and structure. In this paper, the structural design and preparation process of nanomaterials in the field of wood super-hydrophobicity are reviewed, and the effects of nanomaterials on the properties of super-hydrophobic wood and the potential applications of super-hydrophobic wood in the fields of anti-icing, oil-water separation, electromagnetic shielding, ultraviolet radiation, and fungal resistance are systematically discussed. Finally, the research status are included and existing problems are presented of super-hydrophobic wood.

Key words: nano-material super-hydrophobic wood new super-hydrophobic wood application

出版日期: 2025-07-25 发布日期: 2025-07-29

ZTFLH:

S781

基金资助: 内蒙古自然科学基金面上项目(2021MS03092);国家自然科学基金青年项目(31700484);内蒙古农业大学优秀博士科研启动项目(NDYB2017-4)

通讯作者: * 邢东,内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院副教授、硕士研究生导师。主要从事木材热处理技术、木材微观准静态力学性能、木材自然老化研究和表面耐老化处理等方面的研究。xingdong@imau.edu.cn

作者简介: 郭首政,内蒙古农业大学材料科学与艺术设计学院硕士研究生,目前主要的研究领域为户外木材功能性改良。

引用本文:

郭首政, 邢东. 纳米材料在木材超疏水领域的应用[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(14): 24050202-10.
GUO Shouzheng, XING Dong. Research Progress of Nanomaterials in the Field of Wood Super-hydrophobicity. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(14): 24050202-10.

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https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24050202 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I14/24050202

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