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材料导报  2022, Vol. 36 Issue (5): 20060132-7    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.20060132
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
纺锤节微纤维的微流控制备及集水机制的研究进展
刘环宇, 孙鹤家, 尹伟, 王艺颖, 孟涛
西南交通大学生命科学与工程学院,成都 610031
Recent Advances of Microfluidics-based Preparation Methods and Water Collection Mechanisms of Bioinspired Spindle-Knotted Microfibers
LIU Huanyu, SUN Hejia, YIN Wei, WANG Yiying, MENG Tao
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
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摘要 淡水资源紧缺困扰着全球2/3的人口,已经成为一个世界性难题。自然界中,蜘蛛丝独特的周期性纺锤节结构和化学成分使其能从雾气中收集水分,这促使研究人员开发具有高集水效率的仿蛛丝纺锤节微纤维材料,并探索其集水机理。
制备纺锤节微纤维的常见方法,如浸涂法、流体涂层法、静电纺丝法,均难以对纺锤节微纤维的尺寸和形状等微观形貌进行自由调控,限制了纺锤节微纤维在集水领域的应用。微流控纺丝技术具有灵活可控,安全稳定,能组装多种材料等优势。因此,近年来使用微流控纺丝技术可控制备纺锤节微纤维逐渐成为研究热点。
目前,使用微流控制备仿蛛丝微纤维的方法主要为气动阀微流控芯片法、基于乳液的同轴微流控法、基于多相层状流的同轴微流控法。研究者们通过对微通道内液体流速及组分的调节,实现了对纤维上纺锤节的大小、间距、表面粗糙度等的调控。并探究了不同条件下纺锤节微纤维集水性能的差别,以研究集水机制及提升集水效率的方法。
本文系统综述了微流控制备纺锤节微纤维在集水领域的研究进展,介绍了蛛丝的集水过程,微流控制备纺锤节微纤维的工艺,重点阐述了纺锤节微纤维的集水机制及集水性能,以期对新型纺锤节微纤维材料的可控制备及集水应用提供科学指导。
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刘环宇
孙鹤家
尹伟
王艺颖
孟涛
关键词:  微流体  微纤维  纺锤节  集水    
Abstract: The shortage of fresh water, which afflicts two-thirds of the global population, has become a worldwide problem. In nature, spider silk has the ability to collect water from fog because of its unique periodic spindle-knotted structure and chemical composition. This phenomenon urges researchers to fabricate the bioinspired spindle-knotted microfibers with high water collection efficiency and explore its water collection mechanism.
Usually, spindle-knotted microfibers can be fabricated by dip-coating, fluid-coating and electrospinning technology. However, these approaches have little control over the size and shape of spindle-knotted microfibers, which limits application of spindle-knotted microfibers in water collection. Microfluidic spinning technology is not only controllable, safe and stable, but also can assemble various materials simultaneously. Therefore, microfluidic spinning technology is becoming a research hotspot for its controllable fabrication of spindle-knotted microfibers.
Microfluidics for fabricating spindle-knotted microfibers can be divided into three categories, pneumatic-valve microfluidic-chip spinning method, emulsion based coaxial microfluidic method and poly-phase laminar flow based coaxial microfluidic method. By adjusting the liquid velocity and composition, the size, spacing, surface roughness and other aspects of the spindle-knot on the fiber can be regulated. By exploring the diffe-rence of the water collection performance of the spindle-knotted microfibers under different conditions, the water collection mechanism has been studied to improve the water collection efficiency.
This article systematically reviews the research progress of the spindle-knotted microfibers fabricated by microfluidic in the field of water collection. The water collection process of spider silk and the preparation method of spindle-knotted microfibers using microfluidic spinning technology have been summarized, and special emphasis is given to the water collection mechanism and the water collection ability of spindle-knotted microfibers. It is expected to provide scientific guidance for the controllable preparation and water collection application of the new spindle-knotted microfibers.
Key words:  microfluidics    microfiber    spindle-knot    water collection
出版日期:  2022-03-10      发布日期:  2022-03-08
ZTFLH:  TB34  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金 (21776230)
通讯作者:  taomeng@swjtu.edu.cn   
作者简介:  刘环宇,2019年6月毕业于西南交通大学,获得工学学士学位。现为西南交通大学生命科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在孟涛教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为微流控制备仿生集水纤维。
孟涛,西南交通大学生命科学与工程学院教授,博士研究生导师。主要从事生物化工与功能材料研究。1999年6月本科毕业于南京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,2010年6月在四川大学化学工程学院获得博士学位。2012—2013年在美国哈佛大学工程与应用科学学院从事博士后研究工作。
引用本文:    
刘环宇, 孙鹤家, 尹伟, 王艺颖, 孟涛. 纺锤节微纤维的微流控制备及集水机制的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(5): 20060132-7.
LIU Huanyu, SUN Hejia, YIN Wei, WANG Yiying, MENG Tao. Recent Advances of Microfluidics-based Preparation Methods and Water Collection Mechanisms of Bioinspired Spindle-Knotted Microfibers. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(5): 20060132-7.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.20060132  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2022/V36/I5/20060132
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