Research Progress on the Role of Yttrium in Hypoeutectic Al-Si Alloys
LIU Shanguang1,2,*, YU Xiuyong3, MAO Guoling4, LI Dakui1,2, LU Zheng1,2, GAO Wenli4
1 AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China 2 Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Aluminum Alloys and Applications, Beijing 100095, China 3 The First Company of China Eighth Engineering Division Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China 4 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
Abstract: Due to excellent casting properties and good mechanical properties, hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy is widely used, especially suitable for the production of large thin-walled complex structure castings, such as fuel shell, engine cylinder liner, etc. The further development of modern industry puts forward higher requirements for the comprehensive mechanical properties of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys, and it is urgent to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys. Improving microstructure is a common method to improve the alloy's comprehensive mechanical properties. The microstructure of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy includes primary α-Al, eutectic phase (including eutectic Al and eutectic Si), impurity phases (such as Fe rich phase), etc. The eutectic Si is a thick plate, which is easy to lead to stress concentration and failure during the service process of alloy parts.Though modification, the morphology of eutectic Si was changed into wheat ear and fiber with small stress concentration, can significantly improve comprehensive mechanical properties. Therefore, many scholars have been engaged in the study of modified eutectic Si. Chemical modification of eutectic Si is simple and cheap. One or several chemical substances are added during the alloy melting process to change the nucleation and growth mode of eutectic Si and change its morphology. In recent years, many scholars have been looking for a more suitable eutectic Si modifier for hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys, and have achieved fruitful results. Na and Sr are used earlier and widely, and Sb is also a common modifier. However, they have great shortcomings in industrial use, such as Na volatilizes easily and pollutes the environment, Sr easily makes the alloy melt aspirate, resulting in porosity and oxide inclusion in the aluminum matrix, and Sb is harmful to the human body with heavy use. Many researches results show that Y is an effective eutectic Si modifier. While in addition to modified eutectic Si, Y also affects other microstructures of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy, such as primary α-Al and Fe rich impurities. To make more effective use of Y and promote the industrial application of Y in hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys, the role of Y and Y coupled with other factors in hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys were reviewed, including the eutectic Si modification, the effects on primary α-Al and the mechanism of eutectic Si modification. Meanwhile, the problems needing attention in the follow-up researches were described, and the future development direction was proposed.
刘闪光, 虞秀勇, 毛郭灵, 李大奎, 陆政, 高文理. 钇在亚共晶铝硅合金中的作用研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2022, 36(15): 20110271-7.
LIU Shanguang, YU Xiuyong, MAO Guoling, LI Dakui, LU Zheng, GAO Wenli. Research Progress on the Role of Yttrium in Hypoeutectic Al-Si Alloys. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(15): 20110271-7.
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2022, Vol. 36 
