Technique Types of Warm Mix Asphalt and Experimental Methods to Evaluate the Warm Effect
YAN Xili1, ZHENG Tao2,*, JIANG Shuangquan1,3, LI Weicheng4
1 School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China 2 Sichuan Expressway Construction & Development Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China 3 Sichuan Road and Bridge Construction Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610041, China 4 Ankang Transportation Investment Construction and Development Group Co., Ltd., Ankang 725000, Shaanxi, China
Abstract: The warm mix asphalt (WMA) technique has been widely used in pavement engineering. In order to quantitatively evaluate effects of WMA additives on the asphalt mixture mixing process, a variable speed mixing test device for experimental evaluation of asphalt mixture was developed in this study. Newly developed WMA chemical additive (named Alube) and organic additive (named ACMP), and commercially available Evotherm WMA additive, will be used to prepare warm-mixed asphalt binders and the corresponding AC-13C asphalt mixtures. Both penetration grade 70# and SBS modified asphalt binders will be used as the base asphalt for WMA. By evaluating penetration grade, softening point, ductility, Brookfield viscosity and dynamic shear rheological parameters of 70# pen asphalt binder, SBS modified asphalt binder, and three warm-mixed asphalt binders, the viscosity-temperature curve characteristics were evaluated. Based on the compaction test with variable temperatures and mixing test with variable speeds, the compaction characteristic and the mixing flowability of asphalt mixtures were evaluated. The mixing flo-wability model was also developed. The results indicated that organic type WMA additive can reduce the viscosity of asphalt binders, which will increase the flowability of asphalt mixtures. In turn, penetration, ductility, and phase angle of asphalt binders will be increased, while the softening point and Brookfield viscosity will be decreased. On the other hand, the chemical type WMA additive did not change the basic technical properties of asphalt binders. The viscosity-temperature curve can only characterize the temperature variation during mixing process for asphalt mixtures with organic type WMA additive, and the equal-viscosity temperature can be reduced by 9 ℃. The compaction method with variable temperatures and mixing method with variable speeds can simultaneously characterize the effects of both types of WMA additives on mixing process. The mixing flowability of the asphalt mixture can be described by the Bingham’s model, which can well explain the mixing flowability and workability of mixtures based on the rheology theory. Thus, the mixing test with variable speeds is recommended to evaluate the effects of WMA additives on mi-xing process. Based on the up-to-date WMA techniques, the mixing temperature can be reduced by 20 ℃ to 30 ℃ as compared with regular hot mix asphalt if WMA additives are added at common dosage, which agrees with the current main understanding of WMA techniques.
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2024, Vol. 38 
