Research Progress on Application of Nanominerals in Formaldehyde Removal
WANG Can, CHEN Tianhu, LIU Haibo, DONG Shiwei, HAN Zhengyan, SHU Daobing, WANG Hanlin
Laboratory of Nanominerals and Environmental Materials, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
Abstract: Formaldehyde is the major indoor pollutant due to its respiratory tract irritation and human toxicity. The conventional formaldehyde removal technology includes adsorption and heterogeneous catalytic oxidation.Synthetic adsorbents such as activated carbon and its various modified products have some defects of poor formaldehyde adsorption selectivity, complicated synthesis methods, and high cost. Synthetic catalysts such as precious metals or transition metals have the advantages of high catalyticactivity of formaldehyde and no toxic by-products, but, the precious metals are expensive,and the transition metal catalysts commonly require a heat source, which limits their wide application. With the deepening of understanding on the environmental properties of nanominerals in recently years, the nanominerals with the advantages of natural porous structure, chemical stability, adjustable surface acidity, abundant resources, low price, and easy handling have potential applications on removal of HCHO.However, the nanomineral materials with different structures and properties have a various function and reaction mechanism for HCHO removal. The acid sites and high specific surface area enhanced the adsorption performance of natural silicate nanominerals (e.g., sepiolite, palygorskite, and montmorillonite). However, poor adsorption selectivity, high impurity content, low porosity and surface-active functional groups of silicate nanominerals restricted their further development. The primary modification methods of nanomineral mainly include acid,thermal activation, and the introduction of organic functional groups. Acid and thermal activation can improve the acidity,pore structure, and the specific surface area of nanominerals, such as palygorskite and diatomite. The absorbed formaldehyde can be mineralized on the absorbent surface by the introduction of amino groups. Zeolite molecular sieves are also widely used in formaldehyde adsorption due to their controllable pore structure and large surface area. However, water vapor adsorbs competitively with HCHO molecules on active sites and suppress the performance for formaldehyde removal, and hence limited the applicability of zeolite molecular. Compared with the adsorption method for processing formaldehyde, heterogeneous catalytic methods such as photocatalysis and catalytic oxidation can directly convert formaldehyde into carbon dioxide and water, and have a broader application prospect. Nanominerals such as hydroxyapatite and bimanganite have a certain catalytic oxidation effect on formaldehyde. By doping metal elements and adjusting their structure and morphology, their catalytic oxidation capacity for formaldehyde can be further improved. Nanominerals such as palygorskite and sepiolite as carriers compounded with precious metals, transition metals, or nano-titanium dioxide can improve the distribution of active components, provide more active sites such as reactive hydroxyl groups and significantly improve the catalytic performance of composite mineral materials. The above-mentioned composite minerals catalysts even can catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde at ambient temperature. The research progress of adsorption and heterogeneous catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde by nanominerals is reviewed, the formaldehyde removal performance, reaction mechanism, and current problems are investigated. Finally, the application of nanominerals for formaldehyde remo-val based on achievements is proposed.
王灿, 陈天虎, 刘海波, 董仕伟, 韩正严, 束道兵, 王汉林. 纳米矿物材料净化甲醛污染的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(15): 15003-15012.
WANG Can, CHEN Tianhu, LIU Haibo, DONG Shiwei, HAN Zhengyan, SHU Daobing, WANG Hanlin. Research Progress on Application of Nanominerals in Formaldehyde Removal. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(15): 15003-15012.
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2020, Vol. 34 
