热活化赤泥多固废基胶凝材料的性能优化及水化特性

doi:10.11896/cldb.25030240

材料导报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (8): 25030240-11 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25030240

无机非金属及其复合材料

热活化赤泥多固废基胶凝材料的性能优化及水化特性

王思莹¹, 刘文欢^1,2,*, 郝毅¹, 常宁¹, 焦小玉¹, 李辉^1,2,*

1 西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院,西安 710055
2 教育部生态水泥工程研究中心,西安 710055

Performance Optimization and Hydration Characteristics of Multi-solid Waste-based Cementitious Materials Incorporating Thermally Activated Red Mud

WANG Siying¹, LIU Wenhuan^1,2,*, HAO Yi¹, CHANG Ning¹, JIAO Xiaoyu¹, LI Hui^1,2,*

1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
2 Ecological Cement Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710055, China

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摘要拜耳法赤泥(BRM)作为典型大宗工业固废,其含有的重金属、强碱及氟化物等有害成分对环境和人体健康存在显著威胁;且由于其具备稳定的硅铝酸盐晶体结构,硅铝组分反应活性不足,其在绿色建材领域的资源化应用受到了严重制约。为解决这一问题,本工作采用热活化的方式提升赤泥的反应性,并以拜耳法赤泥、电石渣和脱硫石膏为原料,制备改性赤泥基多固废胶凝材料(MRCM)。结果表明,在800 ℃下活化的BRM制备的胶凝材料最佳配比为:热活化赤泥74%、电石渣16%、脱硫石膏10%,其3 d、7 d和28 d抗压强度分别为8.3 MPa、11.9 MPa和16.5 MPa。而该体系下采用未经活化的赤泥制备的胶砂试块却无法成型。此外,热活化赤泥-电石渣-脱硫石膏三元体系的胶砂试块28 d抗压强度较热活化赤泥-电石渣二元体系提升了48.6%。通过XRD、FTIR、TG和SEM对MRCM的微观结构进行了表征,主要水化产物包括C(N)-A-S-H、C-S-H和钙矾石。石膏的引入通过促进钙矾石形成及加速Ca(OH)₂转化,优化了水化产物组成,使胶凝材料的微观结构更加致密。通过热活化-化学激发协同策略,本工作为赤泥在绿色建材中的规模化应用提供了新思路。

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	王思莹
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	李辉

关键词: 拜耳法赤泥赤泥基胶凝材料力学性能水化特性

Abstract: Bayer-process red mud (BRM), a representative bulk industrial solid waste, poses substantial environmental and health risks due to its ha-zardous constituents including heavy metals, strong alkalinity, and fluorides. The inherent stability of its silicate-aluminate crystalline structure further restricts the reactivity of silicon/aluminum components, severely limiting its valorization in sustainable construction materials. To address these challenges, this work implemented thermal activation to enhance BRM reactivity and synthesized modified red mud-based cementitious composites (MRCM) through synergistic utilization of BRM, carbide slag, and desulfurized gypsum. Experimental results demonstrated that the optimal formulation (74% 800 ℃-activated BRM, 16% carbide slag, and 10% desulfurized gypsum) achieves compressive strengths of 8.3 MPa (3 d), 11.9 MPa (7 d), and 16.5 MPa (28 d). Notably, specimens incorporating raw BRM failed to solidify under this system, while the ternary cementitious system (activated BRM-carbide slag-desulfurized gypsum) exhibited a 48.6% enhancement in 28-day compressive strength compared to its binary counterpart (activated BRM-carbide slag). Advanced microstructural characterization (XRD, FTIR, TG, SEM) confirmed the coexistence of C(N)-A-S-H, C-S-H gels, and ettringite as dominant hydration products. The strategic addition of desulfurized gypsum optimized hydration kinetics by accelerating ettringite nucleation and Ca(OH)₂ consumption, thereby refining pore structures and densifying the matrix. This work establishes an innovative pathway for scalable BRM utilization in eco-friendly construction materials through a dual thermal activation-chemical excitation strategy.

Key words: Bayer-process red mud red mud-based cementitious material mechanical property hydration characteristic

出版日期: 2026-04-25 发布日期: 2026-05-06

ZTFLH:

TQ172.9

基金资助: 广西重点研发计划(桂科AB23026144);国家自然科学基金(52472035);陕西重点研发计划(2024GX-YBXM-373)

通讯作者: * 刘文欢,西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院教授、硕士研究生导师。目前主要从事生态建筑材料、固体废弃物的资源化利用等方面的研究。xupinjing6100@xauat.edu.cn
李辉,西安建筑科技大学教授、博士研究生导师。现任材料科学与工程学院院长。目前主要研究领域为材料科学与工程(工程方向)、固体废弃物资源化利用、生态材料低碳制备。sunshine_lihui@126.com

作者简介: 王思莹,西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在李辉教授、刘文欢教授的指导下研究固体废弃物资源化利用。

引用本文:

王思莹, 刘文欢, 郝毅, 常宁, 焦小玉, 李辉. 热活化赤泥多固废基胶凝材料的性能优化及水化特性[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(8): 25030240-11.
WANG Siying, LIU Wenhuan, HAO Yi, CHANG Ning, JIAO Xiaoyu, LI Hui. Performance Optimization and Hydration Characteristics of Multi-solid Waste-based Cementitious Materials Incorporating Thermally Activated Red Mud. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(8): 25030240-11.

链接本文:

https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25030240 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I8/25030240

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