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材料导报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (7): 25040075-9    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25040075
  金属与金属基复合材料 |
液体火箭发动机Cu-Cr-Nb燃烧室内壁制造技术概述
薛雨杰, 马明月, 庾高峰*, 李雷, 张航, 王文斌
陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司,西安 710076
Overview of Manufacturing Technologies for Cu-Cr-Nb Combustion Chamber Inner Wall in Liquid Rocket Engine
XUE Yujie, MA Mingyue, YU Gaofeng*, LI Lei, ZHANG Hang, WANG Wenbin
Shaanxi Sirui Advanced Materials Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710076, China
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输出:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要 随着航天发射需求的不断增长,对燃烧室内壁材料的性能及制造工艺提出了更为严苛的标准,以满足新一代液体火箭发动机在大推力、高可靠、可复用、低成本以及短周期等方面的设计要求。铜合金因具有优异的导热性而成为燃烧室内壁的首选材料。但是传统铜合金因在高温环境下易发生软化现象,无法满足大推力、可复用发动机对材料稳定性的严苛要求。Cu-Cr-Nb合金凭借其独特的Cr2Nb沉淀相强化机制和出色的热稳定性,成为潜在的理想材料。然而,传统制造工艺存在材料利用率低、成本高和制造周期长等问题,限制了该合金的快速验证与应用。本文介绍了燃烧室内壁用铜合金的发展历程,重点总结了新一代Cu-Cr-Nb合金的关键性能,系统阐述了Cu-Cr-Nb燃烧室内壁制造技术(包括原材料制备、坯料制备、内壁传统制造加工技术及增材制造技术),最后展望了Cu-Cr-Nb材料及燃烧室制造技术的未来发展趋势。
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薛雨杰
马明月
庾高峰
李雷
张航
王文斌
关键词:  液体火箭发动机  燃烧室内壁  Cu-Cr-Nb  增材制造    
Abstract: With the growing demand for space launches, increasingly stringent requirements are imposed on the material performance and manufactu-ring processes of the combustion chamber inner wall. These advancements aim to meet the design needs of next-generation liquid rocket engines, which demand high thrust, exceptional reliability, reusability, low cost, and short production cycles. Due to their superior thermal conductivity properties, copper alloys are the preferred material for the inner wall of the combustion chamber. Conventional copper alloys do not meet the stringent stability requirements for materials in high-thrust, reusable rocket engines due to their significant high-temperature softening beha-vior. The Cu-Cr-Nb alloy has emerged as a promising candidate material due to its unique Cr2Nb precipitate strengthening mechanism and exceptional thermal stability. However, conventional manufacturing processes for this alloy are hindered by low material utilization, high costs, and prolonged production cycles, which significantly prevent its rapid verification and practical application. This paper reviews the development of copper alloys for the inner wall of combustion chambers, with particular emphasis on the key properties of next-generation Cu-Cr-Nb alloys. It systematically presents manufacturing technologies for Cu-Cr-Nb inner wall, including raw material preparation, billet production, conventional machining processes, and additive manufacturing techniques. Finally, future research directions for Cu-Cr-Nb materials and combustion chamber fabrication technologies are discussed.
Key words:  liquid rocket engine    combustion chamber inner wall    copper-chromium-niobium    additive manufacturing
发布日期:  2026-04-16
ZTFLH:  TG146.1  
通讯作者:  *庾高峰,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事高导电、高强铜合金材料的研发与技术管理工作。yugaofeng@sirui.net.cn   
作者简介:  薛雨杰,硕士,工程师,主要从事新型高性能铜合金的研发工作。
引用本文:    
薛雨杰, 马明月, 庾高峰, 李雷, 张航, 王文斌. 液体火箭发动机Cu-Cr-Nb燃烧室内壁制造技术概述[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(7): 25040075-9.
XUE Yujie, MA Mingyue, YU Gaofeng, LI Lei, ZHANG Hang, WANG Wenbin. Overview of Manufacturing Technologies for Cu-Cr-Nb Combustion Chamber Inner Wall in Liquid Rocket Engine. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(7): 25040075-9.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25040075  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I7/25040075
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