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材料导报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (4): 24110033-7    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24110033
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
鼠李糖脂改性对棉花秸秆生物炭结构特性及盐胁迫下植物生长的影响
敬凌琨1,2, 王洪博1,2,3,4,5, 曹振玺1,2,3,4, 张磊1,2, 梁亚康1,2, 王兴鹏1,2,3,4,5,*
1 塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院,新疆 阿拉尔 843300
2 塔里木大学自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆 阿拉尔 843300
3 塔里木大学塔里木绿洲农业教育部重点实验室,新疆 阿拉尔 843300
4 中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆 昌吉 831100
5 农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000
Effects of Rhamnolipid Modification on the Structural Characteristics of Cotton Stalk Biochar and Plant Growth Under Salt Stress
JING Lingkun1,2, WANG Hongbo1,2,3,4,5, CAO Zhenxi1,2,3,4, ZHANG Lei1,2, LIANG Yakang1,2, WANG Xingpeng1,2,3,4,5,*
1 College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China
2 Modern Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China
3 Key Laboratory of Tarim Oasis Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang, China
4 Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, Xinjiang, China
5 Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water-Saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China
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摘要 为了更有效地提升棉花秸秆生物炭的吸附性能和活性,改善土壤盐渍化情况,本研究创新性地引入鼠李糖脂进行生物炭的改性处理,通过多种测试手段,对改性前后的棉花秸秆生物炭结构特性和表面特征进行了详细的对比分析,同时利用盐渍土种植花生探究鼠李糖脂改性生物炭对盐胁迫的缓解效果。结果表明:经鼠李糖脂改性后的棉花秸秆生物炭表现出更为平滑的表面与紧密的结构特征,其孔隙度显著提升,表面颗粒状物质大幅减少,骨架结构更清晰。通过BET测定,其平均孔径达到了7.105 5 nm,增幅高达21.86%,而微孔面积较原始生物炭减少了51.30%,转而呈现出典型的中孔特征。此外,改性后生物炭表现出更为丰富的含氧官能团特性以及更多的含氧化合物衍射峰,C-O-C键以及羧酸和醇中的C-O官能团峰值增强,N、O含量显著提升,分别增长了26.32%和35.07%(较改性前)。而C、Si含量则分别降低了21.67%和14.00%,这一变化直接导致O/C含量显著增加71.93%,进而削弱了生物炭的芳香特性,降低了老化程度,增强了其极性和氧化程度。施用改性生物炭较未改性生物炭显著缓解了土壤盐胁迫,使电导率(EC)降低33.65%;改善了花生生理情况,其丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)分别减少34.24%和25.30%,脯氨酸(PRO)增加52.83%。上述结果可为后期棉花秸秆生物炭的规模化改性和盐渍土改良提供理论依据。
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敬凌琨
王洪博
曹振玺
张磊
梁亚康
王兴鹏
关键词:  棉花秸秆  鼠李糖脂改性生物炭  理化性质  盐渍土    
Abstract: To enhance the adsorption capacity and reactivity of cotton stalk biochar while ameliorating soil salinization, this study introduces a novel approach by modifying biochar with rhamnolipid. Structural and surface characteristics of the biochar before and after modification were syste-matically analyzed using advanced characterization techniques. Additionally, a saline soil cultivation experiment with peanuts was conducted to evaluate mitigation effects of rhamnolipid-modified biochar on salt stress. Results indicate that rhamnolipid-modified cotton stalk biochar exhibited a smoother surface and more compact structure. Porosity was significantly enhanced, with a notable reduction in surface particulate matter and a more distinct skeletal framework. BET analysis revealed an average pore diameter of 7.105 5 nm, representing a 21.86% increase, while the micropore area decreased by 51.30% compared to the original biochar, transitioning to a characteristic mesoporous structure. Furthermore, the modified biochar demonstrated enriched oxygen-containing functional groups and intensified diffraction peaks of oxygenated compounds. Enhanced peak intensities were observed for C-O-C bonds and C-O groups in carboxylic acids and alcohols. Nitrogen and oxygen contents increased significantly by 26.32% and 35.07%, respectively, relative to unmodified biochar. Conversely, carbon and silicon contents decreased by 21.67% and 14.00%, respectively, resulting in a 71.93% surge in the O/C ratio. This shift diminished aromaticity and aging degree while enhancing polarity and oxidation state. Application of modified biochar markedly alleviated soil salinity stress, reducing EC by 33.65%. Physiological improvements in peanuts included a 34.24% decrease in MDA, a 25.30% reduction in GSH, and a 52.83% increase in PRO content. These fin-dings provide a theoretical foundation for scalable modification of cotton stalk biochar and remediation of saline-alkali soils.
Key words:  cotton straw    rhamnolipid-modified biochar    physicochemical properties    saline soil
出版日期:  2026-02-25      发布日期:  2026-02-13
ZTFLH:  TQ424.1+4  
基金资助: 新疆花生超高产创建与高值化利用关键技术创新(2023AB064)
通讯作者:  * 王兴鹏,博士,塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。目前主要从事旱区农业水资源高效利用与土壤盐渍化防治方面的研究。13999068354@163.com   
作者简介:  敬凌琨,塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院硕士研究生,在王兴鹏教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为干旱区水土环境保护与修复技术。
引用本文:    
敬凌琨, 王洪博, 曹振玺, 张磊, 梁亚康, 王兴鹏. 鼠李糖脂改性对棉花秸秆生物炭结构特性及盐胁迫下植物生长的影响[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(4): 24110033-7.
JING Lingkun, WANG Hongbo, CAO Zhenxi, ZHANG Lei, LIANG Yakang, WANG Xingpeng. Effects of Rhamnolipid Modification on the Structural Characteristics of Cotton Stalk Biochar and Plant Growth Under Salt Stress. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(4): 24110033-7.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24110033  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I4/24110033
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