苎麻纤维增强原位阴离子聚合尼龙6复合材料的制备及性能研究

doi:10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.02.011

《材料导报》期刊社

2018, Vol. 32

Issue (2): 213-218 https://doi.org/10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.02.011

物理材料研究｜材料

苎麻纤维增强原位阴离子聚合尼龙6复合材料的制备及性能研究

刘光志¹,李伟^1,²,费又庆¹

1 湖南大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙 410082
2 湖南大学喷射沉积技术及应用湖南省重点实验室,长沙 410082

Study on the Preparation and Properties of Textile-ramie Fiber Reinforced In-situ Anionic Polyamide-6 Composites

Guangzhi LIU¹,Wei LI^1,²,Youqing FEI¹

1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082
2 Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Spray Deposition Technology and Application, Hunan University,Changsha 410082

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摘要

以己内酰胺为单体,经热处理的苎麻纤维(RF)为增强材料,采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑成型工艺(VARTM)成功制备了苎麻纤维增强原位阴离子聚合尼龙6(APA6)复合材料。主要研究了热处理前后苎麻纤维表面官能团、结晶性能、力学性能和微观形貌的变化,并对复合材料的冲击断面、力学性能和热性能进行了考察。研究表明:当热处理温度为280 ℃时,苎麻纤维表面的羟基数量显著减少,结晶度略有降低,拉伸强度和模量有所下降,但苎麻纤维的形貌未有明显变化。RF/APA6复合材料中苎麻纤维与树脂的界面结合良好,与APA6相比,复合材料的拉伸强度略有提高,拉伸模量和弯曲性能得到明显提升,同时热稳定性显著提高。

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关键词: 苎麻纤维热处理原位阴离子聚合尼龙6 复合材料

Abstract:

In this paper, textile-ramie fiber (RF) reinforced anionic polyamide-6 (APA6) composites were prepared successfully with the heat treated ramie fiber and caprolactam as monomer.The effects of the heat-treatment on the functional groups, the crystallization, the mechanical properties and the fracture morphology of the ramie fiber were studied. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties, thermal stability, as well as interfacial properties of the RF/APA6 composites were also investigated. The results showed that the hydroxyl groups covering on the ramie fiber surface decreased significantly, the crystallinity, the tensile strength and modulus decreased after the 280 ℃ heat-treatment, but no obvious changes in the morphology of the ramie fiber. The interfacial adhesion between the resin and the ramie fiber of the RF/APA6 composites was excellent. Compared with the neat APA6, the tensile strength of the composites increased slightly, while the tensile modulus, flexural property and the thermal stability were increased significantly.

Key words: ramie fiber heat treatment in-situ anionic polymerization polyamide-6 composites

出版日期: 2018-01-25 发布日期: 2018-01-25

ZTFLH:

TQ327.9

基金资助: 大学生创新性实验和创新训练计划项目(201610532005);湖南省科技计划项目(2015TP1035)

引用本文:

刘光志,李伟,费又庆. 苎麻纤维增强原位阴离子聚合尼龙6复合材料的制备及性能研究[J]. 《材料导报》期刊社, 2018, 32(2): 213-218.
Guangzhi LIU,Wei LI,Youqing FEI. Study on the Preparation and Properties of Textile-ramie Fiber Reinforced In-situ Anionic Polyamide-6 Composites. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(2): 213-218.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.02.011 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2018/V32/I2/213

图1 不同热处理温度条件下RF增强APA6复合材料的原位阴离子聚合的实验结果

图2 试样卡示意图

图3 苎麻纤维单丝拉伸断面SEM图:(a)未处理;(b)160 ℃热处理;(c)280 ℃热处理;(d)利用Photoshop软件计算断面面积

图4 苎麻纤维的红外光谱:(a)未处理;(b)160 ℃ 热处理;(c)280 ℃热处理

图5 纤维素分子内脱水过程机理图

图6 热处理前后苎麻纤维的XRD谱:(a)未处理;(b)160 ℃热处理;(c)280 ℃热处理

表1 经不同温度热处理后苎麻纤维单丝的力学性能

图7 热处理前后苎麻纤维单丝的应力-应变曲线:(a)未处理;(b)160 ℃热处理;(c)280 ℃热处理

图8 (a)未经处理和(b)经280 ℃热处理的RF单丝微观形貌;(c,d)RF增强APA6复合材料的冲击断面形貌(RF经280 ℃热处理)

表2 APA6和RF/APA6复合材料的力学性能

表3 热失重测试中APA6及RF/APA6复合材料1%、5%、10%、50%失重率对应的温度

图9 APA6及RF/APA6复合材料的TG曲线

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