Abstract: Copper is an indispensable basic material in modern industry. As the world’s largest refined copper producer, China produces nearly 20 million tons of copper smelting slag (hereinafter referred to as copper slag) every year. Although it contains a large number of valuable metals, as lower comprehensive utilization rate, the vast majority of copper slag were open-air accumulated, occupying a lot of land. In addition, the slag contains non-biodegradable matters such as arsenic, lead and other highly toxic substances, which will go deep into the soil and flow into rivers during the accumulation process and accumulate in the biological body, leading to many diseases and health risks. How to use copper slag to relieve the pressure of mineral resources and achieve a win-win situation between economy and environment has become an urgent problem. Copper slag is rich in iron and silicon, mainly composed of iron silicate and magnetite, the process to extract and separate valuable elements such as copper and iron need more energy consumption, and cannot achieve the purpose of ultimate harmless and reduce amount treatment. When copper slag is directly applied to the preparation of building materials, the corresponding high-performance materials can be obtained, and the utilization process has no additional energy consumption and no secondary pollution, so it is the preferred plan for the clean utilization of copper slag. Copper slag glass-ceramics and slag wool are prepared by replacing natural minerals with copper slag, which not only have similar or even better performance with traditional glass-ceramics and mineral wool, but also can solve environmental pollution, reduce industrial cost and rea-lize high value-added reuse of waste residue, and have broad market prospect. In addition, although the application of copper slag in construction, functional materials and other fields has achieved significant results, there are some shortcomings need further research. For example, when copper slag is used to prepare concrete, it is necessary to stimulate the activity of copper slag. However, physical excitation has limited effect due to economic factors, and chemical excitation cannot be applied in large-scale engineering. The microcrystalline glass produced by copper slag has unstable quality, low yield and monotonous color, which cannot meet the market demand. The composition of copper slag is complex and varies greatly in different areas, which seriously affects the controllability of cement concrete and glass-ceramics. This paper reviews the phase characteristics and physical properties of copper slags generated by different copper smelting process, and analyzes the problems existing in the process to extract valuable metals such as copper and iron from copper slag performed by dressing and physical and chemical method, and introduces the present research situation of copper slag directly used in building materials such as cement, concrete and asphalt pavement, as well as the functional materials such as microcrystalline glass, mineral wool and abrasive materials, and analyzes the problems and defects existing in the cleaning preparation process with copper slag on the aspects of the architectural and functional materials, and points out its application and the research trend aimed at improving the utilization of copper slag.
史公初, 廖亚龙, 张宇, 苏博文, 王伟. 铜冶炼渣制备建筑材料及功能材料的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(13): 13044-13049.
SHI Gongchu, LIAO Yalong, ZHANG Yu, SU Bowen, WANG Wei. Research Progress on Preparation of Building Materials and Functional Materials with Copper Metallurgical Slag. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(13): 13044-13049.
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2020, Vol. 34 
