聚四氟乙烯微粉对超临界CO2发泡聚丙烯泡孔结构及性能的改善

doi:10.11896/cldb.18050235

材料导报

2019, Vol. 33

Issue (21): 3547-3551 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.18050235

材料与可持续发展（二）――材料绿色制造与加工^*

聚四氟乙烯微粉对超临界CO₂发泡聚丙烯泡孔结构及性能的改善

杨晨光^1,2, 赵全¹, 张茂江^1,2, 邢哲¹, 吴国忠¹

1 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海 201800
2 中国科学院大学,北京 100049

Improving Cellular Structure and Property of Supercritical CO₂ Foamed ofPolypropylene via the Addition of PTFE Micropowder

YANG Chenguang^1,2, ZHAO Quan¹, ZHANG Maojiang^1,2, XING Zhe¹, WU Guozhong¹

1 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
2 University of China Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

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摘要通过挤出制备了三种不同聚四氟乙烯微粉(PTFE)含量(1.0%、5.0%、10.0%,质量分数)的聚丙烯/聚四氟乙烯(PP/PTFE)共混物样品,采用超临界二氧化碳(scCO₂)作为物理发泡剂对样品进行间歇发泡,研究了发泡样品的微观泡孔结构,并分析其形成机理。结果表明:挤出剪切作用下由分散PTFE为原料制造的微粉可以变成具有一定长径比的纤维状,并相互缠结形成网状结构,进而显著增加PP的熔体强度。流变性能测试结果表明,在低频区PP/PTFE复数黏度增强更加明显;制备的PP/PTFE发泡材料具有良好的微孔结构,泡孔均匀性明显改善,且随着PTFE添加量的增加,发泡材料孔径变小(平均值约31 μm),孔密度增加10倍,达到7.4×10⁸ cells/cm³,这归因于在发泡过程中PTFE颗粒增强PP异相成核且较高的熔体强度保证了完整泡孔的形成。相比于纯PP泡沫材料,PP/PTFE(1.0%)泡沫具有较大的发泡倍率,发泡倍率可达8倍,拉伸应力从原来6 MPa增加到11 MPa,断裂伸长率从107%增加到230%。

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关键词: PP/PTFE共混物超临界二氧化碳发泡微孔形貌熔体强度拉伸强度

Abstract: Well-defined cellular structure of isotactic polypropylene (PP) foams with outstanding properties were prepared via supercritical carbon dio-xide (scCO₂) foaming of iPP blended with a small amount of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micropowder. PP/PTFE blend samples with PTFE contents of 1.0wt%, 5.0wt% and 10.0wt% were prepared using a regular co-rotating two-screw extruder and then the samples were foamed using scCO₂ as the physical blowing agent in a batch process. The results showed that the PTFE micropowder could be transformed into a fiber with a certain aspect ratio and entangled with each other to form a network structure after extrusion, which greatly increased the melt strength of PP/PTFE. Well-structured cell morphology of PP/PTFE foam was obtained. The cell size decreased from 87 μm to 31 μm as the loading of PTFE increasing and the cell density of PP/PTFE(10.0%) foam reached 7.4×10⁸ cells/cm³, which was more than 10 times higher as compared to the neat PP foam. In addition, the PTFE particles, and the growth of nucleated small cells in the multiple-phase system, were responsible for the enhanced heterogeneous nucleation of PP foaming with good cellular structure during the foaming process. Compared to the neat PP foam, PP/PTFE foams showed significantly improved tensile strength and tensile strain. Due to the remarkable decrease in cell size and increase in cell density, which increased from 6 MPa to 11 MPa and from 107% to 230%, respectively.

Key words: PP/PTFE blend supercritical carbon dioxide foaming microporous morphology melt strength tensile strength

出版日期: 2019-11-10 发布日期: 2019-09-12

ZTFLH:

TQ328

基金资助: 国防基础科研核科学挑战计划(TZ2018004);国家自然科学基金(11079048)

作者简介: 杨晨光,2014年6月毕业于郑州大学,获得工学学士学位。现为中科院上海应用物理研究所博士研究生,在吴国忠研究员的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为聚丙烯材料改性及超临界二氧化碳发泡。以第一作者在知名期刊已发表学术论文10余篇。包括Industrial＆Engineering Chemistry Research、 RSC Advances、Applied Surface Science和Journal of Applied polymer Science等。
吴国忠,中科院上海应用物理研究所研究员、博士生导师。1992年6月于中国科学技术大学获学士学位,1998年于日本东京大学获得理学博士学位,1998年10月至2002年6月在东京大学附属原子能研究所从事超临界水的辐射效应研究。获得中国科学院“百人计划(2000)”荣誉称号及择优支持(2000)。2006年获国务院政府特殊津贴。主要从事辐射化学、高分子材料改性、加工及辐射降解研究。现任中科院上海应用物理研究所辐射化学总师,同时兼任上海科技大学特聘教授、浙江中科辐射高分子材料研发中心(与嘉善县人民政府共建)主任。近年来,在国际和国内学术期刊发表论文100余篇,论文他人引用超过2200次,h因子23,申请发明专利20余项,部分技术得到工业应用,出版了《辐射技术与先进材料(中英两版)》等学术专著。

引用本文:

杨晨光, 赵全, 张茂江, 邢哲, 吴国忠. 聚四氟乙烯微粉对超临界CO₂发泡聚丙烯泡孔结构及性能的改善[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(21): 3547-3551.
YANG Chenguang, ZHAO Quan, ZHANG Maojiang, XING Zhe, WU Guozhong. Improving Cellular Structure and Property of Supercritical CO₂ Foamed ofPolypropylene via the Addition of PTFE Micropowder. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(21): 3547-3551.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.18050235 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2019/V33/I21/3547

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