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材料导报  2026, Vol. 40 Issue (6): 25040263-12    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25040263
  高分子与聚合物基复合材料 |
膨胀型防火涂层膨胀性能和炭化强度的研究进展
李怡波1,2, 张玲1,2, 梁志霞2, 张冬海2,*
1 中国科学院大学化学工程学院,北京 100049;
2 中国科学院过程工程研究所介科学与工程国家重点实验室,北京 100190
Research Progress on the Expansion Performance and Char Strength of Intumescent Fire-retardant Coatings
LI Yibo1,2, ZHANG Ling1,2, LIANG Zhixia2, ZHANG Donghai2,*
1 School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2 State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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摘要 膨胀型防火涂层(IFRC)作为一种功能型复合材料,在钢结构建筑领域应用广泛,其防火性能与涂层的膨胀程度和炭层强度密切相关,但二者性能相互矛盾。鉴于目前缺少相关综述对IFRC的膨胀性能与炭层强度的改性策略的系统归纳,本文从IFRC的构成和作用原理、填料和树脂的改性研究等方面出发,对IFRC膨胀和炭化过程的原理及优化策略进行了分类概述。首先对IFRC的核心组分,包括膨胀阻燃体系(IFR)、树脂和填料进行了系统论述,并详细介绍了各组分间的协同作用机理。然后分别从膨胀性能和炭层强度两方面对填料的优化策略与改性材料进行了归纳整理,同时讨论了由此带来的填料-基体相容性问题的解决方法。最后,对IFRC树脂基体的相关优化策略进行了分类总结,并对IFRC膨胀及炭化改性研究的未来发展方向进行了展望。
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李怡波
张玲
梁志霞
张冬海
关键词:  钢结构  防火涂层  膨胀  炭化强度    
Abstract: Intumescent fire-retardant coating(IFRC), as a functional composite material, is widely applied in steel-structured buildings. The fire protection of IFRC depends on its expansion and the strength of the char layer, although it is often hard to get both at the same time. Although research on improving the fire protection of IFRC has progressed, there is still a lack of works that systematically summarize strategies for improving both expansion and char strength. This review provides a categorized overview based on IFRC composition, working mechanisms, and recent studies on filler and resin modification. We first provide a systematic discussion of the core components of IFRC, including the intumescent flame-retardant (IFR) system, resin matrix, and fillers, with a detailed explanation of the synergistic mechanisms among these components. Subsequently, filler optimization strategies of expansion performance and char strength are summarized. The resulting compatibility issues between fil-lers and the resin matrix are also discussed along with potential solutions. Finally, modification strategies for the resin matrix are categorized, and future research directions for improving the expansion and carbonization performance of IFRC are proposed.
Key words:  steel structures    fire-retardant coatings    expansion    char strength
出版日期:  2026-03-25      发布日期:  2026-04-03
ZTFLH:  TB383  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3701700)
通讯作者:  *张冬海,中科院过程工程研究所正高级工程师、博士研究生导师。研究方向为无机/有机复合功能材料,主要通过有机基体结构修饰及无机颗粒的制备、表/界面设计等制备高性能的功能化复合材料。dhzhang@ipe.ac.cn   
作者简介:  李怡波,中科院过程工程研究所硕士研究生,主要研究方向为有机/无机复合材料。
引用本文:    
李怡波, 张玲, 梁志霞, 张冬海. 膨胀型防火涂层膨胀性能和炭化强度的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(6): 25040263-12.
LI Yibo, ZHANG Ling, LIANG Zhixia, ZHANG Donghai. Research Progress on the Expansion Performance and Char Strength of Intumescent Fire-retardant Coatings. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(6): 25040263-12.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25040263  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I6/25040263
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