杂原子掺杂磷酸铁锂碳包覆层的改性研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.24080184

材料导报

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (19): 24080184-8 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24080184

无机非金属及其复合材料

杂原子掺杂磷酸铁锂碳包覆层的改性研究进展

彭朝银^1,2, 姚耀春^1,2,*, 李银^1,2,*, 陈秋霖^1,2, 张克宇^1,2, 胡均贤^1,2, 张少泽^1,2

1 昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明 650093
2 昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程研究中心,昆明 650093

Research Progress in the Modification of Heteroatom-doped Carbon Coatings on Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode

PENG Chaoyin^1,2, YAO Yaochun^1,2,*, LI Yin^1,2,*, CHEN Qiulin^1,2, ZHANG Keyu^1,2, HU Junxian^1,2, ZHANG Shaoze^1,2

1 School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Technology, Kunming 650093, China
2 National Engineering Laboratory of Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Technology, Kunming 650093, China

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摘要磷酸铁锂(LiFePO₄)因生产成本低、环境友好、热稳定性好和安全性高,成为当前市场主流的正极材料。在电池技术开发中,碳包覆技术被广泛用于提高电极材料的导电性和倍率性能。然而,这一技术在实际应用中仍面临一些挑战,包括碳包覆不均匀、碳含量过高以及碳包覆层的结构不稳定引起的能量密度和循环寿命下降。实验和理论研究的结果表明,在碳基材料的晶格中掺杂杂原子是一种有效的解决方案。杂原子通过调节碳层的电子结构增强电极的导电性,提高碳材料的石墨化程度来增强其化学稳定性。此外,杂原子的引入还能够抑制LiFePO₄颗粒的团聚与生长,从而改善碳包覆层的结构稳定性;这一方法在提升电化学性能的同时,有效减少了碳层对电极体积的占用,满足了能量密度的需求。本文综述了近年来关于杂原子掺杂碳包覆LiFePO₄的研究进展,详细总结了单杂原子、双杂原子及多杂原子掺杂碳包覆LiFePO₄的改性效果,指出了存在的问题并提出了未来的研究趋势。

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	彭朝银
	姚耀春
	李银
	陈秋霖
	张克宇
	胡均贤
	张少泽

关键词: 磷酸铁锂正极材料碳包覆杂原子掺杂

Abstract: Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) has become the mainstream anode material in the current market due to its low production cost, environmental friendliness, thermal stability and high safety. In battery technology development, carbon capping technology is widely used to improve the conductivity and multiplicity performance of electrode materials. However, this technology still faces several challenges in practical applications, including uneven carbon coating, excessive carbon content, and instability in the structure of the carbon coating layer, which lead to reductions in energy density and cycling life. Doping heteroatoms into the lattice of carbon-based materials is demonstrated to be an effective solution based on the results from the experimental and theoretical studies. Heteroatoms enhance the electrical conductivity of the electrodes by adjusting the electronic structure of the carbon layer, while increasing the graphitization degree of the carbon material improves its chemical stability. Additionally, the introduction of heteroatoms can suppress the aggregation and growth of LiFePO₄ particles, thereby improving the structural stability of the carbon coating. This approach not only enhances electrochemical performance but also effectively reduces the volume occupied by the carbon layer in the electrode, thus meeting the requirements for energy density. This paper reviews the recent advancements in the research on heteroatom-doped carbon coatings for LiFePO₄, summarizes in detail the effect of single heteroatom-, double heteroatom- and triple heteroatom-doped with carbon coating on the modification of LiFePO₄, the existing challenges are identified, and future research directions are proposed.

Key words: lithium iron phosphate cathode material carbon coating heteroatom-doped

出版日期: 2025-10-10 发布日期: 2025-09-24

ZTFLH:

TQ152

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(52064031);云南省基础研究项目(202301be070001-065;202301AU070055);大学生创新训练项目(202310674081)

通讯作者: *姚耀春,昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院教授、博士研究生导师。主要从事锂离子动力和储能电池及其正负极材料制备、冶金过程强化、高纯化学物制备等方面的研究开发和产业化。yaochun9796@163.com
李银,昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院讲师、硕士研究生导师。目前主要从事锂离子电池正极材料研发及水系锌离子电池方面的研究。510527335@qq.com

作者简介: 彭朝银,昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院硕士研究生,在姚耀春教授的指导下进行研究,研究方向为锂离子电池正极材料研发。

引用本文:

彭朝银, 姚耀春, 李银, 陈秋霖, 张克宇, 胡均贤, 张少泽. 杂原子掺杂磷酸铁锂碳包覆层的改性研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(19): 24080184-8.
PENG Chaoyin, YAO Yaochun, LI Yin, CHEN Qiulin, ZHANG Keyu, HU Junxian, ZHANG Shaoze. Research Progress in the Modification of Heteroatom-doped Carbon Coatings on Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(19): 24080184-8.

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https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24080184 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I19/24080184

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