Characterization of M50NiL Bearing Steel Recycled Powder in the Selective Laser Melting
WANG Zhenshuai1, LI Jiwen1,*, ZHANG Xin1, LI Shunjie1, LIU Wei1,2, XU Liujie1,3
1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China 2 National Joint Collaborative Innovation Center for Nonferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China 3 National Joint Engineering Research Center for Abrasion Control and Molding of Metal Materials, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
Abstract: As the representative of powder bed melting additive manufacturing technology, selective laser melting (SLM) has been widely used in aerospace, biomedical and automotive manufacturing fields due to its high forming precision and the surface quality of the forming parts. However, only 10%—20% of the metal powder is used for part manufacturing in SLM processes, and a large amount of metal powder must be recycled for reuse. Recycled powder is subjected to various factors such as laser irradiation and complex thermal histories during the manufacturing process, leading to changes in its characteristics such as particle size, surface morphology, chemical composition and flowability. In this work, taking the metal powder of M50NiL bearing steel as the research object, the changes in microstructure, phase composition, nitrogen and oxygen content, particle size distribution and flowability between the virgin and recycled powder were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, oxygen and nitrogen analyzer, laser particle size analyzer and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that compared with the original powder, the volume fraction of fine particle size of recovered powder decreased, and the particle size of coarse particle size increased. Recycled powder exhibits better flowability than the virgin powder. Irregular particles with non-smooth surfaces, including agglomerates, partially melted particles, partially/fully oxidized particles, condensed metal vapor and splatter droplets, are emerged in the recycled powder. The oxygen content gradually increases with the cycles, while the nitrogen content remains unchanged. The phase composition of the recycled powder is the same as that of the virgin, but the interplanar spacing and crystallinity increased.
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2025, Vol. 39 
