Synthesis of Calcium Silicate Hydrate with High Porosity and Its Effect on Thermal Insulation Performance of Cement-based Composite
WANG Chenghai1,2, HAN Changbao1,*, CUI Yanan2, YAN Hui1, JIANG Quan3
1 College of Materials Science& Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China 2 Langgu (Beijing) New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102600, China 3 China Testing & Certification International Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100024, China
Abstract: Cement-based thermal insulation materials have been widely used in construction industry because of their excellent fire prevention, good durability and low-cost, but high thermal conductivity and poor thermal insulation performance have become a bottleneck problems restricting their application. It is of great significant to developing a new cement-based thermal insulation material with low thermal conductivity for energy conservation. Calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) is an important hydration product of cement; it has high porosity, large specific surface area and excellent thermal insulation performance. Therefore, regulating the property and proportion of CSH in cement is a potential way to improve thermal insulation performance. Herein, Na2SiO3 and Ca(OH)2 were used as the main raw materials to synthesize calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) by hydrothermal method. CSH with high specific surface area, high porosity and low thermal conductivity was obtained by adjusting the modulus of Na2SiO3. Then the CSH was used as pore building agent to regulate the structure of cement-based materials and improve thermal insulation performance. The results show that when the modulus of Na2SiO3 is 1.0, the porosity of the CSH prepared is 93.56%, the specific surface area is 236.45 g/m2, the average pore size is 12.52 nm (which is much lower than the free path of air molecules 69 nm), and the thermal conductivity is as low as 0.051 3 W/(m·K). With the increase of CSH addition, the dry density of cement-based materials decreased from 1 690 kg/m3 to 765 kg/m3, the porosity increased from 33.3% to 64.7%, and the average pore size decreased from 2 826.1 nm to 421.3 nm, which indicates that CSH introduced a large number of nanopores into the cement-based material, thereby improving the porosity and refining the pore size. The thermal conductivity of cement-based materials decreased by 68.8% from 0.391 W/(m·K) to 0.122 W/(m·K) with the adding of CSH. The infrared imaging test also showed that the cement-based materials modified by CSH show better thermal insulation property. CSH introduces a large number of micropores and nanopores into the cement-based material, resulting in greatly extended heat conduction path, improving the thermal barrier ability of the material, and thus significantly improving its thermal insulation performance. These findings may provide a new idea and method for improving the thermal insulation performance of cement-based materials.
王成海, 韩昌报, 崔雅楠, 严辉, 蒋荃. 高孔隙率水化硅酸钙的合成及对水泥基复合材料保温隔热性能的影响[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(13): 24060010-7.
WANG Chenghai, HAN Changbao, CUI Yanan, YAN Hui, JIANG Quan. Synthesis of Calcium Silicate Hydrate with High Porosity and Its Effect on Thermal Insulation Performance of Cement-based Composite. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(13): 24060010-7.
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2025, Vol. 39 
