二硼化锆粉体合成研究现状与展望

doi:10.11896/cldb.20070327

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Abstract Zirconium diboride (ZrB₂) ceramics have been proved to be a promising structural material in aerospace propulsion system owing to its remarkable properties. However, the application of ZrB₂ is hindered to a great extent due to the difficulty to be densified, sensitivity to cracks and poor service reliability because of its strong covalent bonds in the molecules and low grain boundary diffusion rate. Hence, it is important to synthesize high-quality ZrB₂ powders with excellent properties to promote its sintering densification and overcome its inherent brittleness.
The activity of ZrB₂ powders is influenced by the particle size and oxygen impurity content. In addition, with the incorporation of powders with high aspect ratio, a higher strength and toughness can be achieved for ZrB₂ ceramics. Thus, the synthesis of ultra-fine, low-oxygen content and one-dimensional ZrB₂ powders has attracted plenty of interest.
Thermodynamic and kinetic principles in synthesis as well as preparation technologies have great effects on the quality of ZrB₂ powders. It is essential to lower the reaction temperature in the synthesis of ultra-fine ZrB₂ powders. Optimization of existing reaction systems is effective but there are many limitations. Nano ZrB₂ powders with particle size 25—35 nm can be obtained under a lower temperature in a new system. The oxygen impurity in ZrB₂ powders is mainly the unreacted ZrO₂ and it can be effectively reduced to 0.14%(mass fraction) by introducing excessive reactants appropriately. In-situ synthesizing ZrB₂ powders with high aspect ratio is still a challenge and continuous fibers are still mainly prepared by electrospinning.
The processes and reaction mechanisms of ZrB₂ powders synthesis were reviewed, including element synthesis, carbothermal reduction, borothermal reduction, boro/carbothermal reduction, magnesiothermic reduction and aluminothermic reduction. The advantages and disadvantages of self-propagating high temperature synthesis, molten salt method, mechanical alloying, sol-gel method and electrospinning were overviewed. The latest developments of ZrB₂ powders synthesis were introduced from the aspects of ultra-fine, low-oxygen content and one-dimensional powders preparation. The factors affecting the particle size and oxygen content as well as the crystal growth mechanism were analyzed. Finally, the studies on the synthesis of ZrB₂ powders were prospected.

Key words： zirconium diboride synthesis mechanism preparation technology development direction

Published: 30 November 2021

CLC number:

TQ174.75

Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China (51502236,51572212,51772236), Key R & D Projects in Shaanxi Province (2018ZDXM-GY-128).

About author:: Jiyuan Luo received his B.S. degree in engineering from Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology in 2016. He is currently pursuing his doctor degree at the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, supervised by Prof. Guoqing Xiao. His research topic is synthesizing ZrB₂ fibers via template method.
Guoqing Xiao, professor of College of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, doctor's supervisor, received his Ph.D. in Materials Science and Engineering from Xi'an Jiaotong University (2005), became a professor (2005) and a visiting scholar (2008.10—2009.10) at the University of Sheffield (UK). He mainly engaged in the study of structural and functional integrated ceramic matrix composite materials and low carbon containing refractories, and published more than 100 academic papers in academic journals, as first author or co-authors. At present, he is in charge of two national-level scienti-fic research projects, five provincial-level scientific research projects. He has been invited as a peer-reviewer by more than 10 international journals including Composites A, Ceramics International, International Journal of the Applied Ceramic Technology et al.

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	LUO Jiyuan
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Cite this article:

LUO Jiyuan,XIAO Guoqing,DING Donghai, et al. Research Status and Prospect of Synthesis of Zirconium Diboride Powders[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(21): 21159-21168.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.20070327 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2021/V35/I21/21159

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