Research Progress of Polyamide 6/Carbon Nanocomposites
WANG Mengke1,2, QIU Zhicheng2, YU Chunxiao2
1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Textile Academy, Beijing 100025,China
Abstract: Polyamide 6 (PA6) is an important thermoplastic engineering plastic has been vastly used due to its attractive and excellent comprehensive properties. PA6 macromolecular chain contains carboxyl or amino end groups and has a certain reactivity under a certain strip, and is easily modified. In recent years, with the rapid growth in nanoscience research and its applications, functional nanomaterials are synthesized and applied, to improve the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and mechanics, crystallization and rheology of PA6 composites, leading to their wider applications in various fields. Therefore, polyamide-based nanocomposites have become a greatly active field in studies and applications of composite materials. Nanomaterials, especially carbon nanomaterials, are such an important part of today's materials science. Since Iijima discovered carbon nanotubes in 1991, various carbon nanomaterials have attracted increasing attention in the past decades. Carbon nanomaterials, with geometric structure and particle size, are ideal structural reinforcing materials for composites owing to their extraordinary properties, such as excellent mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, rheological, adsorption, etc. However, carbon nanomaterials have the characteristics of small particle size, large specific surface area and high surface energy. Under van der Waals force, carbon nanomaterials tend to form large aggregates in the polymeric matrix, which leads to the degradation of the composite properties. In order to improve the dispersion of carbon nanomaterials in PA6 matrix and increase their interfacial bonding, appropriate surface modification of carbon nanomaterials must be carried out to reduce the surface energy. At present, the commonly used modification methods include mechanical method, chemical grafting method, ultrasonic dispersion modification and surfactant method, and so on. The recent research progress of PA6/carbon nanocomposites, especially the preparation methods of PA6/carbon nanocomposites represented by carbon black, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, are systematically reviewed, the effects of surface modification and addition amount of carbon nanocomposites on the properties and functions of composites are reviewed. Finally, the problems of large-scale and low-cost industrial pre-paration of PA6/carbon nanocomposites with high electrical conductivity and high thermal conductivity based on achievements are proposed.
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2020, Vol. 34 
