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《材料导报》期刊社  2018, Vol. 32 Issue (1): 135-140    https://doi.org/10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.01.017
  物理   材料综述 ｜材料 |
电磁轨道材料表面损伤及强化技术研究现状
闫涛1,2(),刘贵民2,朱硕2,杜林飞2,惠阳2
1 装甲兵工程学院装备再制造技术国防科技重点实验室,北京 100072
2 装甲兵工程学院装备维修与再制造工程系,北京 100072
Current Research Status of Electromagnetic Rail Materials Surface Failure and Strengthen Technology
Tao YAN1,2(),Guimin LIU2,Shuo ZHU2,Linfei DU2,Yang HUI2
1 Key Laboratory on Remanufacturing, Academy of Armored Forces Engineering, Beijing 100072
2 Department of Equipment Maintenance and Remanufacturing Engineering, Academy of Armored Forces Engineering, Beijing 100072
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摘要 

轨道材料的性能是决定电磁轨道炮工程应用的关键因素。在大载流、高温的苛刻工况下,表面刨削、转捩和电弧烧蚀以及载流摩擦磨损是电磁轨道表面的主要损伤形式。综述了电磁炮轨道刨削现象及其产生原因和微观机理的研究现状,总结了转捩和电弧烧蚀对轨道性能的影响,概括了电磁轨道炮中载流摩擦磨损的特点,为开发新型轨道材料提供依据和借鉴。
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闫涛
刘贵民
朱硕
杜林飞
惠阳
关键词:  电磁轨道  轨道材料  表面损伤    
Abstract: 

The performance of rail materials is the key to the application of the electromagnetic rail-gun. Under high carrier current and high temperature, the main surface failure forms of the electromagnetic rail are surface gouging, transition and the arc erosion, the current carrying friction and wear. This paper reviews the phenomenon, reasons and microscopic mechanism of gouging. A comprehensive summary of transition and arc erosion are expounded. The characteristics of current carrying friction and wear in the EM rail-gun are also summarized. The aim is to provide basis and reference for the development of new rail materials.
Key words:  electromagnetic rail    rail material    surface failure
               出版日期:  2018-01-10      发布日期:  2018-01-10
ZTFLH:  TJ012.1  
基金资助: 北京市自然科学基金(2152031)
作者简介:  闫涛:男,1978年生,博士研究生,讲师,主要从事军用材料及新概念武器材料研究 E-mail: bjyantao@163.com
引用本文:    
闫涛,刘贵民,朱硕,杜林飞,惠阳. 电磁轨道材料表面损伤及强化技术研究现状[J]. 《材料导报》期刊社, 2018, 32(1): 135-140.
Tao YAN,Guimin LIU,Shuo ZHU,Linfei DU,Yang HUI. Current Research Status of Electromagnetic Rail Materials Surface Failure and Strengthen Technology. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(1): 135-140.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.01.017  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2018/V32/I1/135
图1  电磁轨道炮原理示意图
图2  铜合金轨道表面出现的刨削坑及电弧烧蚀形貌
图3  不同电枢材料对应的刨削阈值速度(轨道材料为AISI1080钢)
图4  不同轨道材料对应的刨削阈值速度(电枢材料为7075铝合金)
图5  (a)整体轨道和(b)拼接轨道刨削现象比较
图6  刨削阈值速度与不同硬度材料之间的关系
图7  刨削产生机理示意图
图8  转捩现象产生示意图
图9  Cu-W轨道表面电弧侵蚀形貌
图10  多次发射后的CuCr铜合金和Dural铝合金轨道表面(发射能量:1.45 MJ)
图11  Cu轨道上带有气孔的Al熔层
图12  Al电枢和Fe轨道的互融层
图13  刷状电枢实物图
图14  材料密度、比热容和熔点之间的关系(电子版为彩图)
图15  材料的电阻率和单位能量熔化体积的关系(电子版为彩图)
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