无卤阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19100087

材料导报

2021, Vol. 35

Issue (1): 1196-1202 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.19100087

高分子与聚合物基复合材料

无卤阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料研究进展

林绍铃¹, 罗祖获¹, 陈丹青², 赵小敏², 陈国华²

1 华侨大学化工学院,厦门 361021
2 华侨大学材料科学与工程学院,厦门 361021

Research Progress on Halogen-free Flame Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foam

LIN Shaoling¹, LUO Zuhuo¹, CHEN Danqing², ZHAO Xiaomin², CHEN Guohua²

1 College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
2 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China

摘要
参考文献
相关文章
推荐阅读
Metrics

下载:

全文 ( PDF ) ( 3199KB )
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF)因具有低密度、低导热系数等优点,广泛应用于建筑保温、轨道交通等多个领域。然而其存在极易燃且燃烧过程放出大量有毒气体和烟雾等问题,使用中存在很大的火灾安全隐患,需要对其进行阻燃处理。随着人们环保和健康意识的提高,卤系阻燃剂由于在燃烧时释放出卤化氢腐蚀性气体,产生有毒致癌物质(如多溴代二苯并二噁英(PBDD)),已被欧盟RoHS指令及联合国环境署发布的《斯德哥尔摩公约》等法律法规限制或禁用。因此,新型环保型无卤阻燃剂的研发和应用亟需得到发展。
近年来,无卤含磷、含氮阻燃剂、无机纳米粒子、膨胀型阻燃剂等多种阻燃体系均被用于RPUF阻燃改性研究。本文依据RPUF的应用性能与燃烧降解特性,从添加型、反应型和纳米复合型阻燃剂三方面,概述了近年来国内外阻燃RPUF复合材料的发展现状与阻燃机制,并展望了高效、无卤、绿色环保的反应型阻燃剂与生物基阻燃聚氨酯的合成研究在实现无卤高效阻燃聚氨酯中的发展趋势。

	服务
	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	林绍铃
	罗祖获
	陈丹青
	赵小敏
	陈国华

关键词: 硬质聚氨酯泡沫无卤阻燃添加型阻燃剂反应型阻燃剂纳米复合型阻燃剂

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) has been widely used in a variety of fields such as architecture and transportation, due to its unique properties like low density, low thermal conductivity coefficient, and excellent dimensional stability. However, there is a great fire hazard in use because of its flammability and mostly accompanied by the production of toxic gases and smoke during the combustion. Therefore, it is essential to improve the flame retardancy of RPUF. Halogen-containing materials will release corrosive gases (hydrogen halide, etc.) and toxic carcinogens (PBDD, etc.) during combustion. At present, a variety of halogen-based flame retardants are forbidden by European Union RoHS directive and Stockholm Convention of United Nations Environment Programme. Therefore, the development and application of new environment-friendly halogen-free flame retardants need to be developed urgently.
In recent year, halogen-free flame retardants have been used in the research of RPUF flame retardant modification such as phosphorus-containing flame retardant, nitrogen-containing flame retardant, inorganic flame retardant and intumescent flame retardant. The combustion degradation process and flame retardant mechanisms of RPUF were reviewed. In this paper, the latest development of flame retardant, including additive flame retardants, reactive flame retar-dants and nano-composite flame retardants used in RPUF in recent years was summarized. The flame-retardant mechanism of different flame-retardant systems were described. Developing high efficiency, halogen-free, green reactive flame retar-dants, and strengthening research on raw material sources of biomass polyurethane and modification of biomass polyurethane should be the future development trend of flame retardant RPUF.

Key words: rigid polyurethane form halogen-free flame retardant additive flame retardant reactive flame retardant nano-composite flame retardant

出版日期: 2021-01-10 发布日期: 2021-01-19

ZTFLH:

TQ323.8

基金资助: 福建省科技计划项目(2018H6012;2017H2001);福建省发改委石墨烯技术研发和产业发展专项项目;福建省运动鞋面料重点实验室(福建华峰新材料有限公司)开放基金项目资助;华侨大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目

作者简介: 林绍铃,2018年6月毕业于华侨大学,获得学士学位。现为华侨大学化工学院研究生,在赵小敏讲师和陈国华教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要从事阻燃高分子复合材料的研究。
赵小敏,讲师,2017年4月在马德里理工大学工业工程学院取得博士学位,现于厦门华侨大学材料科学与工程学院工作。主要从事阻燃高性能高分子复合材料研究。

引用本文:

林绍铃, 罗祖获, 陈丹青, 赵小敏, 陈国华. 无卤阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(1): 1196-1202.
LIN Shaoling, LUO Zuhuo, CHEN Danqing, ZHAO Xiaomin, CHEN Guohua. Research Progress on Halogen-free Flame Retardant Rigid Polyurethane Foam. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(1): 1196-1202.

链接本文:

http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.19100087 或 http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2021/V35/I1/1196

1 Zhu L M, Liu Y J. Polyurethane foam, Chemical Industry Press, China,2005(in Chinese).
朱吕民,刘益军.聚氨酯泡沫塑料,化学工业出版社,2005.
2 Zatorski W, Brzozowski Z K, Kolbrecki A. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2008,93(11),2071.
3 Chattopadhyay D K, Webster D C. Progress in Polymer Science,2009,34(10),1068.
4 Laoutid F, Bonnaud L, Alexandre M, et al. Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports,2009,63(3),100.
5 Weil E D, Levchik S V. Journal of Fire Sciences,2004,22(3),183.
6 Shen M Y, Chen W J, Kuan C, et al. Material Chemistry and Physics,2016,173,205.
7 Verdolotti L, Lavorgna M, Di M, et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2013,98(1),64.
8 Valencia L B, Rogaume T, Guillaume E, et al. Fire Safety Journal,2009,44(7),933.
9 Ou Y X. Flame retardant-manufacture, performance and application, Ordnance Industry Press, China,1997(in Chinese).
欧育湘.阻燃剂-制造、性能及应用,兵器工业出版社,1997.
10 Wang K, Morgan A, Benin V. Fire and Materials,2017,41(8),973.
11 Zhao B, Hu Z, Chen L, et al. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2011,119(4),2379.
12 Yang H Y, Wang X, Song L, et al. Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2014,25(9),1034.
13 Zhao B, Chen L, Long J W, et al. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2013,52(8),2875.
14 Chen M J, Xu Y J, Rao W H, et al. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2014,53 (21), 8773.
15 Zhao Q, Chen C, Fan R, et al. Journal of Fire Sciences,2017,35(2),99.
16 Thirumal M, Khastgir D, Nando G B, et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2010,95(6),1138.
17 Gao M, Wu W, Liu S, et al. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2014,117,1419.
18 Wang C, Wu Y C, Li Y C, et al. Polymers for Advanced Technologies,2017,29(1),668.
19 Cao Z J, Dong X, Fu T, et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2017,136,103.
20 Saito T. U.S. patent, US 3720878,1972.
21 Zhang M, Luo Z Y, Zhang J W, et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2015,120,427.
22 Liu X, Salmeia K A, Rentsch D, et al. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2017,124,219.
23 Modesti M, Lorenzetti A, BESCO S, et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2008,93(12),2166.
24 Thirumal M, Singha N K, Khastgir D, et al. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2010,116(4),2260.
25 Zheng X R, Wang G J, Xu W. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2014,101,32.
26 Xu W, Wang G J, Zheng X R. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2015,111,142.
27 Ou Y X, Li J J. Flame retardant: properties, manufacture and application, Chemical Industry Press, China,2006(in Chinese).
欧育湘,李建军.阻燃剂:性能、制造及应用,化学工业出版社,2006.
28 Shi X X, Jiang S H, Zhu J Y, et al. RSC Advances,2018,8(18),9985.
29 Qian L J, Feng F F, Tang S, et al. Polymer,2014,55(1),95.
30 Tarakcilar A R. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2011,120(4),2095.
31 Xi W, Qian L J, Huang Z G, et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2016,130,97.
32 Barikani M, Askari F, Barmar M. A, et al. Cellular Polymers,2010,29,343.
33 Pang X Y, Xin Y P, Shi X Z, et al. Polymer Engineering & Science,2019,59,1381.
34 Michalowski S, Pielichowski K, et al. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2018,134(2),1351.
35 Zhu H, Xu S A, et al. RSC Advances,2018,8(32),17879.
36 Yuan Y, Yang H Y, Yu B, et al. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2016,55(41),10813.
37 Yuan Y, Ma C, Shi Y Q, et al. Materials Chemistry & Physics,2018,211,42.
38 Yang R, Hu W T, Xu L, et al. Polymer Degradation & Stability,2015,122,102.
39 Wang S X, Zhao H B, Rao W H, et al. Polymer,2018,153,616.
40 Xi W, Qian L J, Chen Y J, et al. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2015,122,36.
41 Xi W, Qian L J, Li L J, et al. Polymers,2019,11(2),207.
42 Zhu H B, Peng Z M, Chen Y M, et al. RSC Advance,2014,4(98),55271.
43 Heinen M, Gerbase A, Petzhold C. Polymer Degradation and Stability,2014,108,76.
44 Ding H Y, Huang K, Li S H, et al. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis,2017,128,102.
45 Zhang Y M, Zhao Q, Li L, et al. RSC Advances,2018,8(56),32252.
46 Javni I, Zhang W, et al. Journal of Cellular Plastics,2002,38(3),229.
47 Chen T, Hu S, et al. Polyurethane Industry,2015,30(1),18(in Chinese).
陈涛,胡爽,等.聚氨酯工业,2015,30(1),18.
48 Mu C Z, Zhang L Y, Song Y J, et al. Polymer,2016,92,231.
49 Patra D, Vangal P, Cain A A, et al. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,2014,6(19),16903.
50 Li M E, Wang S X, Han L X, et al. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2019,375,61.
51 Zhao C Y, Yan Y, Hu Z H, et al. Construction and Building Materials,2015,93,309.
52 Zhang X T, Shen Q, Zhang X Y, et al. Journal of Materials Science,2016,51(23),10361.

[1]	罗继永, 张道海, 田琴, 魏柯, 周密, 杨胜都. 无机纳米粒子协同无卤阻燃聚丙烯的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2019, 33(z1): 499-504.
[2]	王正洲, 孙皓宇, 徐小燕. 三聚氰胺苯基磷酸盐的合成及在硬质聚氨酯泡沫中的应用[J]. 《材料导报》期刊社, 2017, 31(14): 4-10.

[1]	Bingwei LUO,Dabo LIU,Fei LUO,Ye TIAN,Dongsheng CHEN,Haitao ZHOU. Research on the Two Typical Infrared Detection Materials Serving at Low Temperatures: a Review[J]. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(3): 398 -404 .
[2]	Huimin PAN,Jun FU,Qingxin ZHAO. Sulfate Attack Resistance of Concrete Subjected to Disturbance in Hardening Stage[J]. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(2): 282 -287 .
[3]	Xu LI,Ziru WANG,Li YANG,Zhendong ZHANG,Youting ZHANG,Yifan DU. Synthesis and Performance of Magnetic Oil Absorption Material with Rice Chaff Support[J]. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(2): 219 -222 .
[4]	XU Zhichao, FENG Zhongxue, SHI Qingnan, YANG Yingxiang, WANG Xiaoqi, QI Huarong. Microstructure of the LPSO Phase in Mg_98.5Zn_0.5Y₁ Alloy Prepared by Directional Solidification and Its Effect on Electromagnetic Shielding Performance[J]. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(6): 865 -869 .
[5]	WANG Tong, BAO Yan. Advances on Functional Polyacrylate/Inorganic Nanocomposite Latex for Leather Finishing[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(1): 64 -71 .
[6]	HUANG Dajian, MA Zonghong, MA Chenyang, WANG Xinwei. Preparation and Properties of Gelatin/Chitosan Composite Films Enhanced by Chitin Nanofiber[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(8): 21 -24 .
[7]	DU Wenbo, YAO Zhengjun, TAO Xuewei, LUO Xixi. High-temperature Anti-oxidation Property of Al₂O₃ Gradient Composite Coatings on TC11 Alloys[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(14): 57 -60 .
[8]	ZHANG Le, ZHOU Tianyuan, CHEN Hao, YANG Hao, ZHANG Qitu, SONG Bo, WONG Chingping. Advances in Transparent Nd∶YAG Laser Ceramics[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(13): 41 -50 .
[9]	ZHANG Yating, REN Shaozhao, DANG Yongqiang, LIU Guoyang, LI Keke, ZHOU Anning, QIU Jieshan. Electrochemical Capacitive Properties of Coal-based Three-dimensional Graphene Electrode in Different Electrolytes[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(16): 1 -5 .
[10]	CHEN Bida, GAN Guisheng, WU Yiping, OU Yanjie. Advances in Persistence Phosphors Activated by Blue-light[J]. Materials Reports, 2017, 31(21): 37 -45 .

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed