太阳能驱动聚多巴胺/TiN/膨润土复合海绵高效光热转换及其原油吸附研究

doi:10.11896/cldb.25040106

材料导报

2026, Vol. 40

Issue (7): 25040106-9 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25040106

高分子与聚合物基复合材料

太阳能驱动聚多巴胺/TiN/膨润土复合海绵高效光热转换及其原油吸附研究

唐祥珑¹, 许雅欣², 杨雨馨¹, 韦小燕², 刘坤^1,*, 胡雅², 王忠凯³, 潘正现³, 张寒冰¹, 童张法²

1 广西大学资源环境与材料学院,南宁 530004
2 广西石化资源加工及过程强化技术实验室,广西大学化学化工学院,南宁 530004
3 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院,南宁 530020

Solar-driven Polydopamine/TiN/Bentonite Composite Sponge for Efficient Photothermal Conversion and Crude Oil Adsorption

TANG Xianglong¹, XU Yaxin², YANG Yuxin¹, WEI Xiaoyan², LIU Kun^1,*, HU Ya², WANG Zhongkai³, PAN Zhengxian³, ZHANG Hanbing¹, TONG Zhangfa²

1 School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
2 Guangxi Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Enhancement Technology Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
3 Scientific Research Academy of Guangxi Environmental Protection, Nanning 530022, China

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摘要开展原油吸附富集,同步实现有效的油水分离和废油回收,对于治理海上原油泄漏污染至关重要。但原油高粘度的特点显著限制了其吸附传质过程。本工作基于多组分协同性能强化的理念,利用逐层浸渍过程,通过聚多巴胺(PDA)黏附氮化钛(TiN)/膨润土(BT)颗粒固载到三聚氰胺海绵(MS)的三维(3D)骨架上,构建了新型PBTM光热海绵。研究表明,PDA可以利用其界面黏附效应将BT/TiN颗粒稳定固载到MS骨架上,提升海绵骨架表面粗糙度;PDA和TiN作为主要光热单元可协同拓展光吸收范围,分别通过分子晶格振动和局域表面等离子体共振机制,实现光热转换性能强化;引入BT后其大比表面积和层状结构提供了更多分散位点及吸附点位,有效抑制了TiN纳米颗粒的团聚,同时实现了吸附容量和结构稳定性的提升。结果显示,疏水改性后的PBTM具有良好的疏水性(水接触角为143.8°)和稳定的力学性能(80%应变条件下,20次循环后形状保持稳定),在1个太阳光照射下,60 s内其表面温度就可达到81.2 ℃,表面原油粘度则可以由132.6 mPa·s降低到4.4 mPa·s,30 s内实现油水分离,原油的吸附量可达65.9 g/g。多组分协同下,出色的疏水性及光热转换效率、有效的热传导和复杂多样的孔结构类型,是实现PBTM高效吸附原油的内在原因。研究结论为光热材料设计制备及其在原油泄漏治理应用方面提供理论参考和技术支撑。

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	唐祥珑
	许雅欣
	杨雨馨
	韦小燕
	刘坤
	胡雅
	王忠凯
	潘正现
	张寒冰
	童张法

关键词: 聚多巴胺氮化钛膨润土光热海绵原油吸附

Abstract: The advancement of integrated crude oil adsorption-enrichment systems capable of concurrent oil-water separation and waste oil recovery constitutes a critical technological approach for marine oil spill mitigation. Nevertheless, the characteristically high viscosity of crude oil imposes substantial limitations on adsorption dynamics and mass transfer efficiency. This investigation developed a multifunctional PBTM photothermal sponge through multi-component synergy, employing a layer-by-layer impregnation strategy to immobilize titanium nitride (TiN)/bentonite (BT) composites onto a three-dimensional melamine sponge (MS) framework using polydopamine (PDA) as interfacial binder. Systematic characte-rization confirmed PDA’s dual functionality in securing BT/TiN particles to the MS matrix while enhancing surface roughness through interfacial adhesion. The complementary photothermal mechanisms of PDA (molecular lattice vibrations) and TiN (localized surface plasmon resonance) synergistically broadened optical absorption spectra, thereby optimizing photothermal conversion performance. BT incorporation leveraged its inherent high specific surface area and lamellar architecture to simultaneously provide additional dispersion/adorption sites, suppress TiN nanoparticle aggregation, and reinforce structural stability. The hydrophobically engineered PBTM demonstrated a water contact angle of 143.8° and maintained structural integrity through 20 compression cycles at 80% strain. Under 1-sun irradiation, rapid surface heating to 81.2 ℃ within 60 seconds reduced crude oil viscosity from 132.6 mPa·s to 4.4 mPa·s, enabling 30-second oil-water separation with an adsorption capacity of 65.9 g/g. This enhanced performance originates from the coordinated interplay of optimized hydrophobicity, efficient photothermal conversion, directional heat transfer, and hierarchical porosity achieved through rational multi-component integration. The findings establish fundamental principles and practical methodologies for developing photothermal remediation materials targeting oil spill management.

Key words: polydopamine nano titanium nitride bentonite photothermal sponge crude oil adsorption

发布日期: 2026-04-16

ZTFLH:	TB332
	X55

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(22378084);“十四五”防城港市科技计划项目(重点研发计划项目,防科AB24002013);广西石化资源加工及过程强化技术重点实验室(2024Z005)

通讯作者: *刘坤,博士,广西大学资源环境与材料学院助理教授、硕士研究生导师。目前主要从事催化、光热材料的设计制备,及环境污染治理等的研究。chentu189@163.com

作者简介: 唐祥珑,广西大学资源环境与材料学院硕士研究生,在刘坤老师的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为原油吸附用光热材料、气凝胶相变储能光热材料的设计制备。

引用本文:

唐祥珑, 许雅欣, 杨雨馨, 韦小燕, 刘坤, 胡雅, 王忠凯, 潘正现, 张寒冰, 童张法. 太阳能驱动聚多巴胺/TiN/膨润土复合海绵高效光热转换及其原油吸附研究[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(7): 25040106-9.
TANG Xianglong, XU Yaxin, YANG Yuxin, WEI Xiaoyan, LIU Kun, HU Ya, WANG Zhongkai, PAN Zhengxian, ZHANG Hanbing, TONG Zhangfa. Solar-driven Polydopamine/TiN/Bentonite Composite Sponge for Efficient Photothermal Conversion and Crude Oil Adsorption. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(7): 25040106-9.

链接本文:

https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25040106 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2026/V40/I7/25040106

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