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材料导报  2025, Vol. 39 Issue (23): 25010172-11    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.25010172
  无机非金属及其复合材料 |
高放废物处置库缓冲材料剪切特性研究进展
任卫欣1,2, 曹胜飞1,2,*, 戴文杰3, 谢敬礼1,2, 张奇1,2
1 核工业北京地质研究院,北京 100029
2 国家原子能机构高放废物地质处置创新中心,北京 100029
3 同济大学土木工程学院,上海 200092
Progress in Research on Shear Characteristics of Buffer Materials for High-level Radioactive Waste Repositories
REN Weixin1,2, CAO Shengfei1,2,*, DAI Wenjie3, XIE Jingli1,2, ZHANG Qi1,2
1 Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China
2 CAEA Innovation Center for Geological Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste, Beijing 100029, China
3 College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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摘要 高放废物深地质处置库中,工程屏障体系通常采用压实膨润土作为缓冲材料,其力学强度对处置库的稳定运行至关重要。本文全面回顾了压实膨润土的基本剪切特性,总结了近场条件下土体的剪切响应特征,阐述了近场环境对土体的作用机理,并概述了工程尺度压实膨润土剪切特性的初步探索。分析表明:压实膨润土在受剪过程中呈现重塑土的典型力学行为,表现出较一般黏性土更为复杂的应力-应变关系与变形特征;高温将引起土体应变显著降低,表现出应变降低失效与脆性失效的破坏形式;孔隙盐溶液浓度越高,压实膨润土的峰值强度、黏聚力、内摩擦角越大;在非饱和条件下,应力-应变关系受竖向荷载的影响,在同一吸力区间内表现出不同的曲线关系。目前鲜见多场耦合条件下压实膨润土剪切特性的研究。另外,随着我国高放废物深地质处置地下实验室的建设推进,缓冲材料的研发即将进入工程尺度阶段,尺寸因素造成的土体力学性能差异尚不明晰,亟需梳理总结后开展系统性研究。
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任卫欣
曹胜飞
戴文杰
谢敬礼
张奇
关键词:  高放废物  膨润土  缓冲材料  剪切特性  近场环境  工程尺度    
Abstract: In the context of deep geological repositories for high-level radioactive waste (HLW), the engineered barrier system (EBS) commonly utilizes compacted bentonite as a buffer material. The mechanical strength of compacted bentonite is of paramount importance for the stable operation of the repository. This summary provided a comprehensive review of the fundamental shear characteristics of compacted bentonite, summarized the shear response of soil under near-field conditions, elucidated the mechanisms by which the near-field environment influences soil behavior, and presented an overview of the preliminary investigations into the shear characteristics of compacted bentonite at the engineering scale. The research findings reveal that compacted bentonite exhibits typical mechanical behavior of remolded soil during shear deformation, characterized by more complex stress-strain relationships and deformation characteristics compared to conventional cohesive soils. Elevated temperatures significantly reduce soil strain, resulting in failure modes associated with strain reduction and brittle behavior. The peak strength, cohesion, and internal friction angle of compacted bentonite increase with higher concentrations of pore saline solution. Under unsaturated conditions, the stress-strain relationship is influenced by vertical loading, leading to distinct curve relationships within the same suction range. Currently, there is a scarcity of research on the shear characteristics of compacted bentonite under coupled multi-field conditions. Moreover, with the ongoing development of China’s underground research laboratory for deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste, the research and development of buffer materials are poised to enter the engineering scale stage. The influence of size effects on the mechanical properties of soil remains unclear and necessitates systematic summarization and investigation.
Key words:  high-level radioactive waste    bentonite    buffer material    shear characteristics    near-field environment    engineering scale
出版日期:  2025-12-10      发布日期:  2025-12-03
ZTFLH:  TU432  
基金资助: 中国国家原子能机构核设施退役及放射性废物治理项目
通讯作者:  *曹胜飞,博士,核工业北京地质研究院正高级工程师、硕士研究生导师。目前主要从事高放废物地质处置缓冲材料等方面的研究。csf831016@163.com   
作者简介:  任卫欣,核工业北京地质研究院环境工程研究所硕士研究生,在曹胜飞正高级工程师的指导下开展高放废物地质处置缓冲材料的研究。
引用本文:    
任卫欣, 曹胜飞, 戴文杰, 谢敬礼, 张奇. 高放废物处置库缓冲材料剪切特性研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(23): 25010172-11.
REN Weixin, CAO Shengfei, DAI Wenjie, XIE Jingli, ZHANG Qi. Progress in Research on Shear Characteristics of Buffer Materials for High-level Radioactive Waste Repositories. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(23): 25010172-11.
链接本文:  
https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.25010172  或          https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I23/25010172
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