XIE Mengtian1,2, MA Yulong1,2, SUN Yirong1, SUN Hai1, XU Weiguo1, WANG Guoliang1,*, DING Jianxun1,2,*
1 Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China 2 School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Abstract: With the acceleration of population aging in China, the incidence of skin chronic wounds has been increasing steadily. Due to their prolonged healing cycles and high recurrence rates, chronic wounds not only pose significant threats to patients’ physical and mental health but also impose a heavy burden on the healthcare system. The healing of chronic wounds is a complex process that involves the precise coordination of various cells and signaling factors, making it challenging for single therapeutic approaches, such as anti-inflammatory treatments, to effectively address this multifaceted physiological process. In recent years, bioactive hydrogels have demonstrated remarkable advantages in improving wound microenvironments and promoting cell proliferation due to their excellent biocompatibility, precise regulation of cell behaviors, and ability to modulate the release of signaling factors. This review systematically elucidates the mechanisms by which bioactive hydrogels contribute to skin wound healing, encompassing key stages, such as hemostasis, anti-inflammation, promotion of cell proliferation, collagen deposition, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Finally, the review explores the promising clinical applications of bioactive hydrogels while highlighting the major challenges and unresolved issues in their clinical translation, providing references for future research and technological advancements in chronic wound healing.
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