Advances in the Aging Mechanism and Anti-aging Strategies of HTPB Propellant During Storage
SUN Xueying1, XIE Lina1, HUO Wenlong1, LI Junzhuo2, XIA Debin1, ZHANG Jian1, LIN Kaifeng1, YANG Yulin1,*
1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China 2 Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China
Abstract: This paper reviewed the research progress on the aging behavior of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) solid propellant, focusing on its macro- and micro-scale performance changes, influencing factors, aging mechanisms, and anti-aging strategies. By analyzing the performance degradation of HTPB propellant during aging, the key influencing factors were identified, the intrinsic aging mechanisms were elucidated, and the latest anti-aging strategies were summarized. At the microscopic level, the aging process is characterized by molecular chain scission, oxidation, and cross-linking reactions, which alter the microphase structure and disrupt the polymer network. At the macroscopic level, significant mechanical degradation is observed, including an increase in elastic modulus and a decrease in elongation at break. Further investigation reveals that the aging process is influenced by storage conditions, formulation composition, and environmental factors. The active species and free radicals generated during aging continuously attack the HTPB polymer chains, inducing a cascade of chemical reactions that accelerates material degradation. Current anti-aging strategies primarily focus on the incorporation of antioxidants; however, their addition may negatively affect other critical properties of the propellant, posing challenges in maintaining overall performance stability. Therefore, future research should focus on understanding the fundamental aging mechanisms, developing novel anti-aging agents, and advancing non-destructive and high-precision monitoring techniques to ensure the long-term reliability and safety of HTPB propellants.
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