Abstract: The volcanic ash activity of coal gangue is extremely low, which limits its use as an auxiliary cementitious material for the preparation of Pisha sandstone cement composite soil. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the volcanic ash activity of gangue powder through calcination. First, the compressive strength of activated coal gangue-Pisha sandstone cement composite soil before and after calcination treatment was compared using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance, and other experimental methods. Furthermore, the influence of gangue powder on the hydration products and microscopic pores of the composite soil was analyzed. Second, the effect of calcining temperature on coal gangue powder was explored, and the activation mechanism of coal gangue was analyzed. The results showed that the calcination treatment can promote the conversion of kaolinite to metakaolin and the removal of carbon from gangue powder, thereby improving its volcanic ash activity. The gangue powder has the highest volcanic ash activity after calcination at 600 ℃, promoting the generation of more C-S-H and C-A-S-H gels inside the composite soil to increase its strength. However, increasing the amount of gangue powder and decreasing the cement content lead to a less gel content in the composite soil, which result in a decrease in its strength. With an addition of 5% gangue powder calcinated under 600 ℃, the porosity of gangue powder-Pisha sandstone cement composite soil was 2.322%, and the proportion of small pores and the saturation degree of bound fluid were 64.45% and 56.246%, respectively. Additionally, the 7 d strength of the composite soil meets the strength requirement for secondary road paving at the sub-base level and less than secondary highway. This study can provide a reference for the application of gangue powder-Pisha sandstone cement composite soil in road paving.
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2025, Vol. 39 
