CO2液相吸收-电催化转化一体化研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.24110196

材料导报

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (22): 24110196-8 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24110196

无机非金属及其复合材料

CO₂液相吸收-电催化转化一体化研究进展

王少娜¹, 杨阳², 徐文青^2,*, 白丁荣¹, 苏发兵^1,2, 朱廷钰²

1 沈阳化工大学化学工程学院,沈阳 110142
2 中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京 100190

Research Progress of Integrated CO₂ Liquid-phase Absorption Electrocatalytic Conversion

WANG Shaona¹, YANG Yang², XU Wenqing^2,*, BAI Dingrong¹, SU Fabing^1,2, ZHU Tingyu²

1 School of Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, 110142, Liaoning, China
2 Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 110190, China

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摘要碳捕集与利用(Carbon capture and utilization,CCU)技术是实现碳中和的重要途径。传统的CCU过程中,CO₂需经历吸收、解吸、压缩和运输等诸多步骤得到高纯气体,后续进行电化学CO₂还原反应(eCO₂RR),导致技术能耗高、成本投入大。对CO₂捕集介质直接进行电化学还原反应(cCO₂RR)是一种前沿性技术,可以避免再生和压缩运输等高能耗步骤,从而实现减耗降本。本文系统综述了cCO₂RR的研究进展,分别梳理了有机胺溶液和碱性溶液体系中电极材料、吸收液组分、添加剂等因素对cCO₂RR的影响及机制,并总结了cCO₂RR的研究现状。电极材料主要包括Au、Ag、Cu等,通过改变形貌增大电极材料表面积是提升电催化性能的主要手段;吸收液的研究主要聚焦于吸收液种类和添加剂,碱性溶液主要为NaHCO₃和KHCO₃等,而有机胺溶液主要为伯胺/仲胺/叔胺等单一有机胺;通过添加金属阳离子和阳离子表面活性剂,分别能够提高溶液的导电性和抑制析氢副反应,从而提升产物的选择性。未来的研究应重点关注催化材料的改性方法、调控产物的选择性,此外,针对有机胺相变吸收体系开展研究。

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关键词: CO₂捕集利用电催化还原有机胺 CO₂减排

Abstract: Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) technology is an important way to achieve carbon neutrality. In the traditional CCU process, CO₂ needs to go through many steps such as absorption, desorption, compression, and transportation to obtain high-purity gas, followed by electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (eCO₂RR), resulting in high technical energy consumption and cost investment. Direct electrochemical conversion via the captured-CO₂ reduction reaction (cCO₂RR) is a cutting-edge technology that can avoid high energy consumption steps such as regeneration and compression transportation, thereby achieving cost reduction. This article systematically reviews the research progress of cCO₂RR. We have sorted out the effects and mechanisms of electrode materials, absorbent components, additives, etc. on the cCO₂RR in organic amine solution and alkaline solution systems, and summarized the research status of cCO₂RR. The electrode material mainly includes components such as Au, Ag, Cu, etc. Increasing the surface area of the electrode material by changing its morphology is the main means to improve the electrocatalytic performance. The research on absorption solutions mainly focuses on the types of absorption solutions and additives, among which alkaline solutions are mainly NaHCO₃ and KHCO₃, while organic amine solutions are mainly single organic amines such as primary/se-condary/tertiary amines. By adding metal cations and cationic surfactants, the conductivity of the solution can be improved and the hydrogen evolution side reaction can be suppressed, respectively, which both can enhance the selectivity of the product. Future research should focus on the modification methods of catalytic materials, regulating the selectivity of products, and conducting research on organic amine phase transition absorption systems.

Key words: CO₂ capture and utilization electrocatalytic reduction organic amine CO₂ emission reduction

出版日期: 2025-11-25 发布日期: 2025-11-14

ZTFLH:

X505

基金资助: 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA29040900);云南省重点研发计划(202303AC100008)

通讯作者: *徐文青,博士,中国科学院过程工程研究所研究员、博士研究生导师。主要从事钢铁行业污染控制、碳减排、低碳冶金等方面的研究。wqxu@ipe.ac.cn

作者简介: 王少娜,沈阳化工大学与中国科学院过程工程研究所联培硕士研究生。目前主要研究领域为CO₂吸收电催化转化一体化。

引用本文:

王少娜, 杨阳, 徐文青, 白丁荣, 苏发兵, 朱廷钰. CO₂液相吸收-电催化转化一体化研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(22): 24110196-8.
WANG Shaona, YANG Yang, XU Wenqing, BAI Dingrong, SU Fabing, ZHU Tingyu. Research Progress of Integrated CO₂ Liquid-phase Absorption Electrocatalytic Conversion. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(22): 24110196-8.

链接本文:

https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24110196 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I22/24110196

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