Abstract: Responsive photonic crystals(RPCs) provide a simple, non-toxic, label-free and low-cost approach to the visualized pH detection in the fields of food safety, biological medicine and water protection. The already-developed pH-responsive photonic crystals(pH-RPCs) mainly include three structural types, i.e. colloidal particles assembled structure or inverse opal, layered stacking and holography. This review illustrated the working principle of pH response of photonic crystals (PCs), and subsequently offers elaborate descriptions about the preparation methods, structural features and response performance including sensitivity, response time and readability with respect to the above mentioned pH-RPCs. It ends with a summary of the pH-RPCs’ advantages and disadvantages, as well as a rough prospect for the future development trend.
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