金属与金属基复合材料
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梯度纳米晶增强NiTi合金悬臂梁弯曲疲劳寿命
黄凯1,* , 尹颢1 , 邓中正2
1 武汉大学土木建筑工程学院,武汉 430072 2 香港科技大学机械与航空航天工程系,香港 999077
Enhancing Bending Fatigue Life of NiTi Alloy Cantilever Beam via Gradient Nanocrystallites
HUANG Kai1,* , DENG Zhongzheng2 , YIN Hao1
1 School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China 2 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
摘要 弯曲是NiTi合金在应用领域中极为广泛的受力模式之一,然而大变形弯曲服役工况下较差的循环稳定性与较短的疲劳寿命使得其应用范围大大受限。本工作通过纳米化工艺制备了不同晶粒尺寸梯度分布的NiTi板材,进行了两种挠度幅值的多场同步悬臂梁弯曲实验,通过分层微结构与应力分析讨论了晶粒尺寸梯度对弯曲疲劳寿命的影响机制。结果表明,沿厚度方向纳米级晶粒尺寸梯度分布显著延长了弯曲疲劳寿命,2 mm挠度下服役寿命达到200万圈以上,较其他类型提高了20倍以上,为目前报道最高。高畸变纳米晶轴向残余压应力减小了受载时上表层的拉应力,降低了马氏体相变局部应变梯度。表层纳米级间隔的位错壁垒,阻碍了相变激活位错与驻留塑性带往表层交互聚集,降低了缺陷和微裂纹的形核率。该梯度晶在延长NiTi合金弯曲疲劳寿命方面取得了突破性进展,为拓展NiTi合金弯曲受载的应用范围提供了可行性案例。
关键词:
NiTi合金
梯度纳米晶
弯曲
疲劳寿命
残余应力
位错
Abstract: Bending is one of the most widely used loading modes of NiTi alloys in application fields. However, the poor cyclic stability and low fatigue life under large deformation bending conditions greatly limit its application range. In this work, NiTi plates with different grain size-gradient distributions through nanotechnology were fabricated. Multi-field synchronous bending experiments of cantilever beams were conducted at two deflection amplitudes. The influence mechanism of grain size-gradient on bending fatigue life was discussed through analysis on microstructure and stress of different layers. The results demonstrate that the bending fatigue life greatly increases by the nanoscaled grain size-gradient along the thickness direction, reaching over 2 million cycles at a 2 mm deflection—more than 20 times longer than other types (the highest value reported to date). The axial residual compressive stress of high-distortion nanocrystallites reduces the tensile stress of the upper surface as loading, lowe-ring the local strain gradient of martensitic transformation. The nanoscale arrangement of dislocation barriers at the surface impedes the interactive aggregation of the phase transition-activated dislocations and retaines plastic bands towards the surface layer, reducing the nucleation ratio of defects and microcracks. This gradient nanocrystallites has achieved significant advancements in enhancing the bending fatigue life of NiTi alloy, presenting a feasible case for broadening the application range of NiTi alloy under bending loads.
Key words:
NiTi alloy
gradient nanocrystallites
bending
fatigue life
residual stress
dislocation
出版日期: 2025-12-25
发布日期: 2025-12-17
基金资助: 武汉大学工程训练与大学生创新教育研究项目;武汉大学实验技术项目
通讯作者:
* 黄凯,博士,武汉大学土木建筑工程学院实验师。目前主要从事形状记忆合金方面的研究工作。00030505@whu.edu.cn
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