| INORGANIC MATERIALS AND CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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| Advances in Application of Diatomite-based Composites in the Field of Energy and Environment |
| JIANG Debin1, YUAN Yunsong2, WU Junshu3, DU Yucheng3, WANG Jinshu3, ZHANG Yuxin1
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1 State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044
2 School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030
3 Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124 |
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Abstract Compared with traditional nanoparticle materials, inorganic nanocomposites with ordered and porous structure are superior in specific surface area and adsorption capacity, showing tremendous application potential in the field of adsorption, separation, catalysis and so forth. Among them, the diatomite are one of the most spectacular examples of natural inorganic ordered porous materials with a unique pattern of nano-sized features. In the past, diatomite were developed and utilized in an extensive pattern, and the major application for diatomite is restricted to building materials, filter fillers, etc. In recent years, the research and utilization of diatomite has gradually become a hot spot in the field of micro and nano-technology, thanks to their unique shapes and ordered porous structures at the micro-and nanoscale, high specific surface area, favorable thermal stability and cost-effectiveness advantages. A series of theoretical and technical problems concerning diatomite are raised in micro-and nano-scale, and the related research results have already applied to industry and people’s livelihood.
It is not surprising that these promising natural materials with unique structures has been considered as candidate raw materials for energy conversion and storage devices. Nevertheless, diatomite have many limitations such as high resistivity, which are not favourable for energy conversion and storage and other applications. Accordingly, considerable efforts have been paid for optimization of diatomite. Specifically speaking, one approach is to load a particular material with satisfactory electrochemical properties on the surface of diatomite, and the silica hydroxyl group on the surface of diatomite can be used to match the valence bond with the modification material. Meanwhile, porous structure of diatomite with high specific surface area will contribute to greatly improve the electrochemical properties of diatomite based composites. Another approach is to transform diatomite into another kind of material with high conductivity. The application of diatomite-based composite materials in energy storage has attracted extensive attention and exhibited great potential.
Three-dimensional porous materials have a wide range of applications in the environmental field. Surface modification can endow diatomite with excellent performance of the three-dimensional porous material. For instance, the arrangement of valence bonds on the surface of nano-metal oxides can be significantly varied by the combination of silicon hydroxyl groups on the surface of diatomite and the nano-metal oxides through hydrogen bonding, thereby affecting the properties of the materials. Besides, a great deal of work has been carried out on the research of diatomite-based composite materials in the environmental field at home and abroad. The functional composites are achieved by controllable deposition of functional materials on diatomite surface. This composite material maintaining the pore structure of diatomite and high specific surface area provides a large number of active sites for functional materials, and significantly improves the performance of diatomite-based composite materials.
Diatomite-based composite materials are emerging research subjects, which have been studied and applied in many fields, including supercapacitors, lithium batteries, heavy metal pollutant adsorption, degradation and catalysis. According to the research status of diatomite-based composites both at home and abroad in recent years, the latest progress of application of novel diatomite-based composites in energy storage and pollutant adsorption, degradation and catalysis is demonstrated.
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Published: 08 May 2019
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| Fund:This work was financially supported by the State Education Ministry and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (106112017CDJXSYY0001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21576034). |
| About author:: Debin Jiang received his B.E. degree in environmental engineering from Southwest University in 2007 and M. E. degree in Environmental Science and Engineering from Chengdu University of Information Technology in 2016. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. at the Material Science and Engineering, Chongqing University under the supervision of Prof. Yuxin Zhang. His research has focused on diatomite-based composites Yuxin Zhang completed his B. E. and M. E. degree in Chemical Engineering from Tianjin University in 2000 and 2003, respectively. He received his Ph.D. degree in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering from the National University of Singapore (NUS) in 2008 and continued to work as a research fellow in Prof. Hua Chun Zeng’s group at NUS until 2009. He is a research professor at the College of Materials Science and Enginee-ring, Chongqing University. His research interest involves self-assembled nanostructures for energy storage materials and photocatalysts, particularly on MnO2 and diatom-based nanostructures. Jinshu Wang received her B.E., M.E. degrees in Materials Science from University of Science and Technology Beijing in 1990 and 1993, respectively. She received her Ph.D. degrees in materials science from Beijing University of Technology in 1999. She is the President of College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology. She is the professor of Beijing University of Technology. Her research interests include preparation, performance analysis and technology application of inorganic material. |
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2019, Vol. 33 
