水合盐热化学储热材料的研究概述

doi:10.11896/cldb.20030164

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Abstract Thermochemical heat storage materials achieve the storage and release of thermal energy by taking advantage of the destruction and recombination of chemical bonds in the process of chemical reactions. Compared with other heat storage materials, thermochemical heat storage materials exhibit high heat storage density as well as feasibility for long-duration heat storage. As one of the research focuses in the field of thermochemical heat storage, the advantage of salt hydrates for medium-low temperature thermochemical heat storage have been put forth sufficiently.
Hydration(dehydration) reaction of pure salt hydrates, such as LiCl, LiBr, CaCl₂ with low deliquescence relative humidity, including solid-gas hydration (dehydration), gas-liquid-solid deliquescence(crystallization), and liquid-gas adsorption. The cycle features make it possible to obtain a remarkably higher heat storage density. Some materials that fail to control water absorption appropriately have shown some drawbacks, especially mass transfer limitation within the materials and corrosion issue of metal components in storage units. On the other hand, salt hydrates such as SrBr₂and MgSO₄ possess high deliquescence relative humidity and expectable heat storage density, but poor heat transfer performance, as well as low porosity and permeability accompany them. The porous matrix salt hydrate composite materials are employed to enhance heat transfer and solve the deliquescence and agglomeration issue. In recent years, a vast scope of theoretical studies and experiments have to be made on the porous matrix salt hydrate composite materials, and lots of composites with high heat storage density and good cycle stability were obtained.
Porous matrix is particularly important in the design of porous matrix salt hydrate composite materials. At present, expanded graphite, zeolite, vermiculite, silica gel and activated alumina are widely concerned. The composite materials were formed from LiCl with the addition of expanded graphite, which were applied in a thermochemical energy storage prototype on the scale of 10 kWh. The heat storage density can reach 3 142 kJ/kg. High-stable activated alumina/LiCl composites can obtain the highest heat storage density, which was as high as 1 041.5 kJ/kg with a charging temperature of 120 ℃. The best cycle stability with almost no decrease over 55 cycles was determined for a mixture of MgCl₂·MgSO₄ dou-ble salt hydrates without porous matrix.
In this paper, previous research process on the salt hydrate thermochemical heat storage materials is reviewed including heat and mass transfer performance, cyclic stability and heat storage density based on the theory of reaction kinetic, equilibrium adsorption capacity and chemical reaction equilibrium. Besides, we also pay attention to the problems existing in the salt hydrate thermochemical heat storage materials, which are expected to provide reference for the optimization design of promising candidates salt hydrate thermochemical heat storage materials.

Key words： thermochemical heat storage salt hydrate porous matrix composite material heat storage density

Published: 26 September 2021

CLC number:

TB34

About author:: Hui Yangreceived her master degree from Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture in June 2019. She is currently pursuing her Ph.D. at the School of Engineering and Environment Engineering, Beijing University of Science and Technology under the supervision of Prof. Yulong Ding and Prof. Lige Tong. Her research focuses on salt hydrate thermochemical energy storage.
Lige Tong,full professor, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB). She received B.E. degree (1995.6), MA degree (1998.4) and Ph.D. degree (2004.6) in thermal engineering from USTB. Her research interests are energy management, energy sto-rage, enhancement of heat and mass transfer, cryoge-nics and refrigeration.

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	YANG Hui
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Cite this article:

YANG Hui,TONG Lige,YIN Shaowu, et al. A Review on the Salt Hydrate Thermochemical Heat Storage Materials[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(17): 17150-17162.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.20030164 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2021/V35/I17/17150

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