提高锂电极稳定性的方法及其在锂氧电池中的应用

doi:10.11896/cldb.19050012

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Abstract The secondary batteries with lithium metal as negative electrode possess high energy density (3 860 mAh/g), which is considered as “Holy grail” for battery design and manufacture. However, due to the unstable SEI originated from the reaction between Li anode and electrolyte with uneven component and structure, the plating and stripping of Li is accompanied with the formation of dendrite and “dead Li” during the battery cycling process, as well as volume expansion, which lead to the short circuit of battery, poor cyclic performance and low energy efficiency. In addition, in the operation of Li-O₂ batteries with extremely high energy, Li metal encounters corrosion caused by the interplay of positive and negative electrodes, for example, Li metal will react with O₂ of cathode and water from discharge intermediates decomposing electrolyte.
This contribution focuses on the dendrite and corrosion issues of Li metal electrode, including Li alloy anode, three dimensional structural anode, surface treatment, electrolyte component, separator modification and solid state electrolyte. Typically, this paper reviews the following methods: the formation of Li alloy anode by Li metal reacting with Si, Sn, Al etc; employing porous metals and porous carbon materials as structural electrode, such as Ni, Cu, carbon nanotubes, graphene and carbon fibers etc, as well as providing pathways for improving the lithiophilicity; improving the stability of Li anode by surface treatment, such as chemical pretreatment, electrochemical pretreatment, polishing and coating artificial film; adjusting the component and concentration of solvent, salt, additives of electrolyte to regulate the component and structure of SEI and enhance its stability; modifying the conventional separator with composites of polymer and/or inorganic nanoparticles to prevent the interplay between anode and cathode; adopting solid state electrolyte with high Li⁺ conductivity. The mechanism of various methods is discussed adequately, the primary reason for the enhancement of Li anode stability is illustrated in detail; the effects of these methods on the battery performance, as well as the merits and demerits are clarified. Moreover, a comprehensive overview on the application and prospect of protective strategies in the new type Li-O₂ batteries is presented.

Key words： Li metal solid electrolyte interface dendrite corrosion Li-O₂ batteries

Published: 05 November 2020

CLC number:

TB321

Fund:This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51874051), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi (2018GXNSFAA281184, 2019GXNSFAA245046).

About author:: Zhihong Luo obtained her Ph.D. degree from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 2014. She is a lecturer in Guilin University of Technology. Dr Luo’s research interest is now focused on new energy materials, supercapacitors, fuel cells and lithium-air batteries. She has achieved a number of innovative results, and published more than 20 journal papers and patents.
Chenhao Ji received his B.E. degree in polymer materials and engineering from Taiyuan Institute of Technology in 2018. He is currently pursuing his master degree under supervision of Dr. Zhihong Luo at Guilin University of Technology. His research is mainly focused on new energy materials
Kun Luo obtained his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in materials science and engineering from Chinese Academy of Science in 2000 and 2004, respectively. Professor Kun Luo worked in Guilin University of Technology from 2008 to 2018, and in Changzhou University now. He focuses on new energy storage materials and has published more than 100 research papers in journals such as Adv. Mater., Chem. Commun., Chem. Mater., J. Mater. Chem. A. et al.

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	LUO Zhihong
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Cite this article:

LUO Zhihong,JI Chenhao,ZHU Guangbin, et al. Research Progress on Methods for Improving the Stability of Li Metal and the
Application in Li-O₂ Batteries[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(19): 19067-19074.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19050012 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2020/V34/I19/19067

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