光伏玻璃减反射膜的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.18080062

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Abstract  Typical commercial PV modules are composed of PV glass, EVA, solar cells, back reflectors, and so forth. Due to the interfacial reflection between PV glass and air, a portion of sunlight, around 4%, is reflected, which cannot take part in the optoelectronic conversion, resulting in a certain of light loss. Antireflection coatings (ARCs) can effectively suppress the loss caused by the interfacial reflection. To some extent, it is necessary to fabricate ARCs on the surface of PV glass in PV modules, which is of great significance for practice and economy.
    However, ARCs have to possess an improved transmittance and a good stability under harsh environments since the solar irradiance covers a broad spectral range and PV modules are applied outdoors. On the other hand, it is necessary that ARCs should be prepared in large-area and low-cost due to the demand from PV industry. In fact, fulfilling the aforementioned requests simultaneously is highly challenging. The refractive index of ARCs on PV glass should be low for impedance matching, which is lower than that of materials in nature. For achieving the low refractive index, a certain of porosity is introduced, but it conflicts with the demanding stability. It implied that the stability of ARCs under harsh environments is of great importance besides excellent optical properties. The studies on improvements in durability, mechanical strength, and multi-functiona-lities of ARCs, such as self-cleaning, anti-dust and humidity-resistant properties, have attracted much attention.
    Concerning the optical properties, the bio-inspiredgraded-refractive-index ARCs exhibited broadband and omnidirectional antireflection. In the PV industry, the sol-gel silica single-layered ARCs are usually applied considering optical properties, stability, and manufacturing cost. Compared with conventional porous silica ARCs, consisting of solid silica nanoparticles, novel mesoporous and hollow silica ARCs with meso-sized and closed pores respectively, posses better durability and mechanical strength while preserving good antireflection. Besides, for long-term application under various environments, many efforts have been made on multi-functional self-cleaning, anti-dust, and anti-soiling ARCs via chemical modification, though the simultaneous realization of excellent optical, mechanical, and long-term durability is highly challenging so far.
    This review offers a retrospection of the research efforts with respect to ARCs on PV glass, and provides an introduction on the concepts, fundamentals, and evaluation methods of ARCs in PV modules. We concentrate on the preparation of sol-gel silica single-layered ARCs that are usually applied in PV industry and provide the detailed descriptions on three kinds of silica ARCs with different pore structures. We point out the challenges that state-of-the-art ARCs face and provide a perspective for achieving novel ARCs with better antireflection, stability, and versatile surface functionalities.

Key words： antireflection coatings photovoltaic glass sol-gel modification

Published: 12 September 2019

CLC number:

TQ174

Fund:This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61574144,61605224), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LY17A040004),Ningbo Natural Science Foundation (2017A610021)

About author:: Shenghua Lin received her B.S. degree in Materials Science and Engineering from China University of Mi-ning and Technology in 2016. She is currently pursuing her Master's degree at Shanghai University and Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, under the supervision of Prof. Linjun Wang and Researcher Yuehui Lu. Her research has focused on sol-gel nanoimprinting of micro/nanostructures for light-thermal management.
Yuehui Lu received his Ph.D. degree from Hanyang University, Korea, in 2009. He is currently a researcher in Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was selected by the Ningbo Leader Talents Project in 2012, and by the Zhejiang Qianjiang Talents Program in 2013. His current research interests include sol-gel derived multifunctional ARCs for PV modules, micro/nanostructures for light-thermal management in solar cells, and metamaterials for passive radiative cooling. In recent years, he has undertaken more than 10 projects of the National Natural Science Foundation and provincial and ministerial level projects, including 3 national natural science funds, more than 30 academic papers indexed by SCI, and 10 invention patents, of which 4 have been authorized.
Linjun Wang received his M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Shanghai University in 1997, 2002, respectively. He is currently a professor, doctoral tutor, executive vice president of Shanghai University, appointed as vice president of Shanghai New Materials Association, member of Electronic Materials Committee of China Electro-nics Society, member of China Vacuum Society Electro-nic Materials and Components Committee, Shanghai Institute of Metals Member of the Material Professional Committee. He is the winner of the Shanghai Yucai Award, the outstanding young teachers of Shanghai University, the outstanding teachers of Baosteel, the Shanghai Qixing Project and the “Excellent Teacher of Intel”. His research interests include wide bandgap semiconductor materials (diamond film, ZnO film, CdZnTe crystal and film) and devices, optoelectronic device design and process, photovoltaic materials and devices and other research areas. In recent years, he has undertaken more than 20 projects of the Natio-nal Natural Science Foundation and provincial and ministerial level projects, including 5 national natural science funds, more than 200 academic papers indexed by SCI, and 60 invention patents, of which 21 have been authorized.

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	LIN Shenghua
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	AI Ling
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Cite this article:

LIN Shenghua,ZHANG Jing,AI Ling, et al. Advances in Antireflection Coatings on Photovoltaic Glass[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(21): 3588-3595.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.18080062 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2019/V33/I21/3588

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