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《材料导报》期刊社  2018, Vol. 32 Issue (1): 86-92    https://doi.org/10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.01.010
  物理   材料综述 ｜材料 |
蚕丝在生物医用材料领域的应用研究
马艳(),李智,冉瑞龙,李康
西南大学纺织服装学院,重庆 400715
Research on Application of Silk in Biomaterial Field
Yan MA(),Zhi LI,Ruilong RAN,Kang LI
College of Textiles & Garments,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715
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摘要 

蚕丝既是优质的天然蛋白纤维,也是优质的高分子蛋白质材料,具有良好的力学性能、生物相容性和可控的生物降解性等。随着生物医用材料领域的不断发展和各学科的交叉融合,蚕丝作为生物医用材料已展示出很强的竞争力,其在该领域的应用潜力已逐渐展现。介绍了蚕丝的构成和特点,总结了蚕丝丝素及丝胶提取的方法,综述了近年来蚕丝及蚕丝蛋白在组织工程、载药、敷料等方面的应用,并客观分析了蚕丝及蚕丝蛋白在这些具体应用过程中所发挥的重要作用及各种蚕丝材料的优缺点,最后就蚕丝在生物医用材料领域的应用前景进行了展望。
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马艳
李智
冉瑞龙
李康
关键词:  蚕丝  蚕丝蛋白  生物医用材料  生物医学应用    
Abstract: 

Silk is an excellent natural protein fiber as well as a high-quality polymer protein material with good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, controllable biodegradability, etc. With the gradual development of biomaterial field and the cross-integration of various disciplines, silk as a biomaterial has shown the strong competitiveness and exhibited great application potential in this field. In this paper, the composition and characteristics of silk are introduced, and the extracting methods for both silk fibroin and sericin are also summarized. Furthermore, the applications of silk and silk proteins in tissue engineering, drug loading and wound dressing in recent years are reviewed. Besides, the functions of silk and silk proteins for specific applications as well as the advantages and disadvantages of silk-based material are analyzed. Finally, the application prospect of silk in biomaterial field is proposed.
Key words:  silk    silk proteins    biomaterials    biomedical application
               出版日期:  2018-01-10      发布日期:  2018-01-10
ZTFLH:  TS102.3  
基金资助: 国家高技术发展计划(863课题资助项目2013AA102507);重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究项目(cstc2017jcyjAX0087);中央高校基本科研业务费一般项目(XDJK2016C019);中央高校基本科研业务费重点项目(XDJK2016B004)
作者简介:  马艳:女,1983年生,硕士,实验师,研究方向为生物医用材料 E-mail: mayan2@swu.edu.cn
引用本文:    
马艳,李智,冉瑞龙,李康. 蚕丝在生物医用材料领域的应用研究[J]. 《材料导报》期刊社, 2018, 32(1): 86-92.
Yan MA,Zhi LI,Ruilong RAN,Kang LI. Research on Application of Silk in Biomaterial Field. Materials Reports, 2018, 32(1): 86-92.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.01.010  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2018/V32/I1/86
图1  (a)蚕丝外形及(b)内部结构的扫描电镜图
Degumming methods Characteristics References
Enzymatic degumming method Little damage to silk fibron (SF), no fuzziness, good bulkiness [21-22]
Soaping method Moderate SF color, but inferior softness and feel compared
to enzymatic method		 [21]
Sodium carbonate degumming method Simple and fast process, but a bit yellow SF color [23]
Urea degumming method Favorable and whiter SF color [23]
Water degumming method Good degumming effect both in acidic and alkaline aqueous
solutions, pleasurable SF color		 [24]
表1  蚕丝脱胶方法及特点
Extraction methods for sericin Characteristics References
Freezing method Facile recycling process, yield up to 75% after at low temperature freezing [26]
Dialysis method High yield (up to 81.5%) [26]
Spray-drying method Short process, suitable for mass production, but low yield(~30%) [27]
Freeze-drying method Time-consuming, low efficiency, not suitable for mass production [27]
表2  丝胶的提取方法及特点
Application Preparation methods Characteristics References
Bone tissue
engineering		 Coprecipitation method,
low-temperature 3D printing,
mechanical blending, etc.		 Good mechanical properties, promoting a variety of cell
adhesion growth, repairing cartilage tissue, delaying the
occurrence of arthritis		 [28,34]
Tendon and
ligament
tissue engineering		 Weaving, freeze-drying,
electrospinning, etc.		 Similar mechanical properties to tendons and ligaments,
meeting different clinical requirements		 [41,71-72]
Vascular tissue
engineering		 Weaving, electrospinning, etc. Anticoagulant function, good biocompatibility, favorable
to endothelialization in artificial blood vessels		 [45,47,72]
Skin tissue
engineering		 Freeze-drying, electrospinning, etc. Amino acid composition of silk fibroin is similar to that of
human skin, sericin can well promote the growth
of fibroblasts		 [49,51]
Nerve tissue
engineering		 3D printing, electrospinning,
hypotonic-lyophilization, etc.		 Good biocompatibility and compression resistance,
no obvious cytotoxicity		 [56,73-74]
Drug delivery
system		 Supercritical fluid technique, freeze-
drying, electrospinning, etc.		 Good biocompatibility, negligible influence on the biological
activity, enabling targeted therapy, controllable drug release		 [75-76]
Wound
dressing		 Dry film-forming, freeze-
drying, electrospinning, etc.		 Good plasticity, good air permeability, non-toxicity,
beneficial to wound healing		 [8-9,65]
Hemostatic
material		 Weaving, freeze-drying,
electrospinning, etc.		 Good biocompatibility, non-toxicity, less inflammatory
response, good air permeability		 [68-70]
表3  蚕丝在生物医用材料领域的应用
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