A Review on the Microphase Separation of Polyurea Elastomers
LI Shaojie1, YAN Jun2,*, DU Shiguo1, LU Yanling1, CAI Junfeng1
1 Shijiazhuang Campus, Army Engineering University, Shijiazhuang 050003, China 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Hebei Jiaotong Vocational and Technical College, Shijiazhuang 050003, China
Abstract: Polyurea,a kind of emerging elastomer, has received enormous attention from researchers in view of its excellent comprehensive perfor-mance. In recent years, it has been widely employed in the fields of water-proof, anti-corrosion, wear-resisting and blast-mitigation. Since its commercialization, polyurea has been increasingly used in the construction of large-scale infrastructure in China with the development of spraying technology. With the most previous studies paying attention to the spraying technology of polyurea, the research at the present stage should focus on strengthening studies of the microstructure and morphology of material itself and clarifying the relationship between the structure and related properties, in order to obtain better products and develop new functional materials. Polyurea, formed by the reaction of isocyanate and amine, are composed of soft segments and hard segments arranged alternately. The soft segments possess excellent flexibility with low glass transition temperature (Tg), forming matrix phase. The hard segments, with high Tg and large rigidity, tend to self-assemble into hard domains under the action of strong hydrogen bond, and operate as both physical crosslinks and as reinforcing fillers, enhancing the properties of the material such as thermal performance, mechanical performance significantly. Phase-separation is a typical morphological feature of polyurea, resulting in its excellent performance. Although the microphase separation of polyurea has been confirmed early, the relationship between its micro composition, morphology and related properties is not clear. With many factors affecting the morphology of polyurea, the research at present mainly focuses on: (ⅰ) soft and hard segments chemistry, including structural types, stoichiometric ratio and segments length, etc. (ⅱ) hydrogen bond behavior, referring to the effects of hydrogen bond on morphology and properties, (ⅲ) preparation methods and processing conditions. Among them, soft and hard segments chemistry and hydrogen bond behavior play a decisive role in the microphase and properties of polyurea. With the development of science and technology, various advanced cha-racterization and analysis techniques have been gradually applied to the study of polyurea, especially the development and application of molecular dynamics simulation technology, which is becoming a powerful tool to study the relationship between the structure and properties of polyurea. In this paper, the microphase separation morphology of polyurea is mainly reviewed, and effects of representative structural factors on morpho-logy and related properties are presented from the perspective of soft and hard segments chemistry and hydrogen bond behavior with special attention. The application status of molecular dynamics simulation technology in polyurea research is introduced, while drawbacks of recent researches and the future direction are also presented.
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LI Shaojie, YAN Jun, DU Shiguo, LU Yanling, CAI Junfeng. A Review on the Microphase Separation of Polyurea Elastomers. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(21): 21205-21210.
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2020, Vol. 34 
