| SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMASS-ASSISTED BUILDING MATERIALS |
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| Research Progress on Biochar in Multifunctional Coating Modification |
| HU Hui, CHEN Yu*, ZHANG Yamei*
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| State Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials for Major Infrastructure, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China |
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Abstract Biochar, a sustainable carbon material derived from biomass, has attracted considerable attention in multifunctional coating applications due to its renewable origin, low cost, tunable porosity, and versatile surface chemistry. These attributes make biochar a promising candidate for enhancing the performance of polymer, metal, and inorganic coatings, while simultaneously promoting high-value biomass utilization and circular economy objectives. However, its industrial application remains constrained by several issues. To systematically organize relevant research fin-dings, clarify existing challenges, and provide theoretical and technical references for future material optimization and practical applications, this paper reviews recent advances in biochar-modified coatings. It first introduces the characteristics of biochar precursors and their essential properties, including elemental composition, microstructure, and physicochemical behavior, while also discussing how preparation conditions affect performance. Subsequently, strategies for tailoring the surface and internal structure of biochar are summarized, and different pathways for fabricating biochar-based composite coatings are presented, covering material choices, incorporation techniques, and processing methods. Representative case studies are highlighted to demonstrate applications in anti-icing, anticorrosion, environmental remediation, flame retardancy, electrochemical energy storage devices, and wear-resistant coatings, elucidating the roles of biochar in thermal conduction, barrier resistance, pollutant adsorption, catalytic activity, flame suppression, and mechanical reinforcement. Finally, the review addresses key challenges associated with large-scale production, operational stability, precise interfacial control, and environmental or health risk assessment. Future research directions are proposed, including the development of eco-friendly and scalable preparation methods, advanced surface engineering, integration with emerging nanomaterials, and standardized safety evaluation protocols. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive reference for the rational design of high-performance, environmentally friendly coating systems incorporating functionalized biochar.
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Published: 10 March 2026
Online: 2026-03-10
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