增材制造技术环境影响及其生命周期评价的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19120078

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Abstract Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for different material deposition methods have been created to meet the needs of different industrial areas. Among them, wire and arc additive manufacturing(WAAM) is rapidly developing, which is suitable for the molding of large and complex metal parts. It has the advantages of low energy consumption, low carbon footprint and low cost. With the development of new materials, processes, machinery and systems related to additive manufacturing technology, many research issues on sustainability remain unresolved. Due to the great difference in material and energy demands of different manufacturing processes, additive manufacturing technology is generally no better than traditional processes. Therefore, besides studying the flexibility and process performance of additive manufacturing technology, prudent analyses of the environmental impact of different techniques are also necessary. Life cycle assessment (LCA), as an important environmental management tool for the whole process, or so called “cradle to grave”, of industrial products, has found increasing application in the research of different manufacturing techniques. However, the LCA of additive manufacturing technology only acquires moderate attention, most of which mainly focuses on energy and raw materials consumption. There are relatively few conclusions explaining the energy and environmental impacts, especially those based on reliable life cycle inventory, and moreover, fewer environmental impact and evaluation studies on the WAAM. Therefore, tighter integration and deeper interdisciplinary collaboration are worthful.
This paper introduces the definition and technical framework of LCA, and, based on LCA method, summarizes the research status of WAAM’s environmental impact from four aspects, i.e. goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment and result interpretation, including all material and energy flows from raw material acquisition to end-of-life treatment. Compared with different process methods, the environmental impact characteristics of the AM are analyzed.

Key words： additive manufacturing life cycle assessment environmental impact wire and arc additive manufacturing

Published: 25 June 2021

CLC number:

TG444

Fund:This work was financially supported by the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (3202002).

About author:: Zhuoxin Li, professor and doctoral supervisor of the Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology. He received a bachelor’s degree in engineering from Tianjin University in 1984, a master’s degree in engineering from Taiyuan University of Technology in 1988, a doctorate in engineering from Tianjin University in 1994, and engaged in post-doctoral research in the postdoctoral mobile station of the State Key Laboratory of engines in Tianjin University from 1994 to 1996. 2007—2008 as a senior researcher in the Department of Materials Metallurgy, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom. Main research directions: Welding metallurgy and material optimization design and quality control based on statistical analysis, precision connection of light metals, nano thermal spraying, etc.Hong Li is currently an associate professor of Beijing University of Technology. She received her Ph.D.degree in 2006 in Materials Processing Engineering from Beijing University of Science and Technology. From 2006 to 2008, she worked as a postdoctor in Beijing University of Technology. From 2012 to 2013, she carried out visiting scholar research funded by CSC in Dortmund University of Technology. In 2014, she was appointed as vice-chair of Sub-Commission C-XVII-C (Soldering) of International Institute of Welding (IIW). Main research directions: Wel-ding consumables for light metals, brazing and micro-nano scale joining, precise joining of dissimilar materials,etc. She has published more than 70 research papers and obtained 14 granted China national invention patents.

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Cite this article:

LI Zhuoxin,ZHU Jing,LI Hong. Research Progress on Environmental Impact and Life Cycle Assessment of Additive Manufacturing Technology[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(11): 11173-11179.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19120078 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2021/V35/I11/11173

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