METALS AND METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES |
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Research Progress of Metal Lattice Porous Materials for Additive Manufacturing |
YANG Xin1, MA Wenjun1, WANG Yan2, LIU Shifeng2, ZHANG Zhaoyang1, WANG Wanlin1, WANG Ben1, TANG Huiping3
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1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China 2 School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials, Northwest Institute of Nonferrous Metals, Xi'an 710016, China |
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Abstract Metal lattice porous materials are advanced lightweight and multifunctional materials with complex periodic structure. Due to its excellent specific strength, sound absorption, noise reduction and metamaterials, they has attracted much attention in recent years. These characteristics make the metal lattice porous materials have a wide range of applications in the fields of medical implantation and aerospace. At the same time, the traditional preparation process can only manufacture lattice-like structures, and has many defects, making them difficult to produce complex and fine lattice structures, making the application of metal lattice porous materials encounter a bottleneck. In recent years, the rapid development of additive manufacturing (AM) technology has the characteristics of large design, manufacturing freedom and rapid manufacturing of any complex geometric parts. It is the forefront of metal lattice porous materials preparation technology to regulate and control multiple combinations of grids. However, the additive manufacturing of metal lattice porous materials have problems such as large residual stress, high surface roughness, and local stress concentration, which result in low compression brittleness and low fatigue strength. Therefore, in recent years, in addition to studying the effects of additive manufacturing process parameters on the performance of lattice structures, researchers have continued to try from the perspective of topology optimization and post-processing, and have achieved fruitful results. Combined with topology optimization design, it can make the stress distribution more uniform and better serve in different loading environments; the compressive strength and energy absorption of the gradient lattice structure are more than twice that of the uniform lattice structure; it can be reduced by heat treatment and chemical etching. The residual stress and surface roughness of the lattice structure greatly increase the fatigue strength of the lattice structure. By controlling the hierarchical porosity distribution of the unit cell structure and appropriate post-treatment, it is expected to achieve high porosity, high fatigue strength and high energy absorption at the same time. This article first states the advantages and forming criteria of additively manufactured metal lattice porous materials, and then introduces the influence of the unit cell shape, unit cell size, pillar diameter, volume porosity and other factors on the lattice structure dimensional accuracy and surface roughness. And summarized the influence of these factors on the yield strength, energy absorption rate and fatigue strength of the lattice structure. In addition, the effects of topology optimization and post-processing of the lattice structure on its performance are summarized. Finally, the obstacles of the metal lattice structure of additive manufacturing are introduced, and the future research trends are prospected.
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Published: 22 April 2021
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Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China (51671152, 51874225), Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education to serve local special projects, Funded by the State Key Laboratory of Porous Metals. |
About author:: Xin Yang, associate professor of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, master instructor. In July 2008 he had a master's degree at the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, 2012 Ph.D in Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University. He joined Xi'an University of Technology in 2013 and is mainly engaged in research on spherical metal titanium alloy powder and stainless steel powder, metal powder bed additive manufacturing technology and surface modification, preparation and functional application of metal porous mate-rials. In recent years, he has published more than 30 papers in the field of metal powder bed additive manufacturing, including 15 SCI. Shifeng Liu, professor and master tutor of School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology. In 2007, he obtained a master's degree in materials processing from Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, and a Ph.D. in 2014 from the School of Materials, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology (collaborated with the Northwest Institute of Nonferrous Metals). He entered Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology in 2001 and is mainly engaged in the design of 3D printed powder raw mate-rials, forming equipment preparation, material technology and performance research for titanium and titanium alloys, high-entropy alloys, hard alloys, and special steels; new powder metallurgy materials; new technologies and methods for processing metal materials; cultural relics restoration 3D prin-ting. In recent years, he has published more than 50 papers and published one in the field of 3D printing. |
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