Mechanism for the Effect of Non-woven Composite Membranes and Internal Components on Thermal Performance of Medical Hot Compress Patches
LU Shanshan1, LIU Kun2, LI Shukang1, FANG Zhenwen1,*
1 Guangxi Testing Center for Medical Devices, Nanning 530031, China 2 School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Abstract: In industry standards, the temperature duration is a critical indicator for evaluating the heat-producing performance of medical hot compress patches. Therefore, revealing the intrinsic structure-property relationship between patch components and the temperature duration is essential for both manufacturing optimization and quality control enhancement. This study employed response surface methodology to investigate the multifactorial influences of the iron content in the internal components, the mass of the internal components, and the water vapor permeability on the temperature duration of hot compress patches. Furthermore, three batches of representative samples with distinct temperature duration (excellent/good/poor) were selected as the research subjects. Subsequently, the non-woven composite membrane was characterized using FTIR and DSC to determine composition, thermal resistance, and density. Besides, the microstructural morphology and pore characteristics were observed using SEM and super depth-of-field microscope. The thermal infrared imager, XRD, and SEM equipped with backscattered electron detector were employed to analyze the heat-producing state of the content package, the changes in the crystalline phases of the internal components during reaction as well as the microstructural characteristics, respectively. The results indicated that the Fe content exhibits more significant effects on the temperature duration compared with that of water vapor permeability and mass of the contents. Besides, the optimal temperature duration could be achieved when the Fe content accounts for 65.6%, the water vapor permeability is 391.4 g/(m2·24 h), and the mass of the contents is 29.3 g, respectively. Furthermore, the non-woven composite membrane was composed of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and reflected typical bilayer structures. The smaller pore size, tighter coupling between layers and greater thickness of the composite membrane were conducive to enhanced thermal resistance and gas impermeability, thereby improving the temperature duration. Notably, the excessively rapid exothermic reaction of the internal components could lead to uneven heat-producing of the hot compress patches. Besides, when the compositions of the internal components are similar, the incomplete reaction of Fe powder, significantly uneven particle size, and severe agglomeration of the particles were the primary factors contributing to the reduced temperature duration. This work offers theoretical support for effectively improving the temperature duration of hot compress patches. Besides, the establishment of relevant measurement methods could provide new avenues and technical references for enhancing the quality assessment of hot compress patches.
陆珊珊, 刘坤, 李树康, 方珍文. 无纺布复合膜及内容物对医用热敷贴发热性能的影响机制[J]. 材料导报, 2026, 40(2): 24110079-8.
LU Shanshan, LIU Kun, LI Shukang, FANG Zhenwen. Mechanism for the Effect of Non-woven Composite Membranes and Internal Components on Thermal Performance of Medical Hot Compress Patches. Materials Reports, 2026, 40(2): 24110079-8.
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2026, Vol. 40 
