面向建筑节能的新型光热调控技术:主动电致变色与被动辐射制冷

doi:10.11896/cldb.24100008

材料导报

2025, Vol. 39

Issue (1): 24100008-18 https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.24100008

光热调控超材料的应用与创新

面向建筑节能的新型光热调控技术:主动电致变色与被动辐射制冷

赵思名^†, 郭震宇^†, 黄娅, 蓝帆, 赵卓菁, 李润, 张如范^*

清华大学化学工程系, 北京 100084

Novel Photothermal Regulation Technologies for Energy-saving: Active Electrochromism and Passive Radiative Cooling

ZHAO Siming^†, GUO Zhenyu^†, HUANG Ya, LAN Fan, ZHAO Zhuojing, LI Run, ZHANG Rufan^*

Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

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摘要发展新型节能制冷技术对实现建筑热管理与节能具有重大意义。辐射是自然界中最为普遍的一种传热方式,其中,太阳辐射和环境热辐射是两种重要的能量介质。光热调控是一种通过对太阳辐射和热辐射进行调控从而实现对物体内部温度管理的技术,具有极大的发展潜力。针对不同应用场景的需求,材料对太阳辐射与热辐射有不同的光谱的响应需求,可分为主动/被动型光热调控材料。主动型光热调控材料具有可调度高、能耗低等优点,被动型光热调控材料具有零能耗、温度调控能力强等优势,都备受研究人员的广泛关注。本文以主动电致变色与被动辐射制冷为新型光热调控技术的代表,重点概述了其相关的调控原理;基于光谱设计策略及其原理,综述了电致变色材料与辐射制冷材料的相关发展研究,并进一步对其存在的问题及未来的发展方向进行了总结和展望。

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	张如范

关键词: 建筑节能光热调控电致变色辐射制冷光谱设计

Abstract: The development of novel energy-efficient cooling technologies is of significant importance for the realization of effective building thermal management and energy-saving. Radiation is the most ubiquitous mode of heat transfer in nature, where solar and environmental thermal radiation plays a vital role serving as two critical energy vectors. The photothermal regulation could modulate the solar and thermal radiation properties, thus managing the internal temperature of objects. Materials exhibit varied spectral responses to solar and thermal radiations according to the specific demands of different scenarios, which could be categorized into active and passive photothermal control materials. Active photothermal regulation materials are favored for their high tunability and low energy consumption, while passive photothermal regulation materials are recognized for their zero-energy consumption and robust temperature regulation capabilities, both garnering extensive attention from researchers. This article, exemplifying active control and passive control with electrochromic materials and radiative cooling, respectively, focuses on outlining the regulatory principles of these emerging photothermal control technologies. It reviews the development of electrochromic and radiative cooling materials based on spectral design strategies and principles, and further summarizes the existing challenges and future development directions, providing a comprehensive perspective for researchers in the field of building energy saving.

Key words: building energy saving photothermal regulation electrochromism radiative cooling spectral design

出版日期: 2025-01-10 发布日期: 2025-01-10

ZTFLH:

G321

基金资助: 国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0210702)

通讯作者: *张如范,清华大学化学工程系副教授、博士研究生导师。2014年于清华大化学工程系博士毕业。目前主要从事碳纳米管及其功能纤维、高性能光热调控材料、锌空电池催化剂等方面的研究工作。zhangrufan@tsinghua.edu.cn

作者简介: 赵思名,清华大学化学工程系博士研究生,在张如范教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为高性能电致变色与辐射制冷材料的设计与制备。
郭震宇,清华大学探微书院化学生物学+化学工程与工业生物工程专业本科生,在张如范教授的指导下进行研究,目前主要研究领域为高性能辐射制冷材料的设计与制备。
†共同第一作者

引用本文:

赵思名, 郭震宇, 黄娅, 蓝帆, 赵卓菁, 李润, 张如范. 面向建筑节能的新型光热调控技术:主动电致变色与被动辐射制冷[J]. 材料导报, 2025, 39(1): 24100008-18.
ZHAO Siming, GUO Zhenyu, HUANG Ya, LAN Fan, ZHAO Zhuojing, LI Run, ZHANG Rufan. Novel Photothermal Regulation Technologies for Energy-saving: Active Electrochromism and Passive Radiative Cooling. Materials Reports, 2025, 39(1): 24100008-18.

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https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.24100008 或 https://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2025/V39/I1/24100008

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