碱金属及碱土金属掺杂石墨相-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>光催化材料研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19040223

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Abstract As a cost-effective, chemical stability, narrow energy band gap photocatalyst,graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) has been noticed in the materials science. Pure g-C₃N₄ suffers from the fast recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, insufficient sunlight absorption, low surface area. Typically, element doping and heterojunction based on g-C₃N₄ is known to be an efficient method to improve its photocatalytic performance, because g-C₃N₄ is polymer which is suitable for preparing composites based on its matrix. Different from the covalent bonding of non-metal doping, alkali metal-doped g-C₃N₄ and alkali-earth metal-doped g-C₃N₄ has been a hotspot due to the delocalization of metal doping,which endows the doped system with unique photocatalytic properties by providing more active sites, lowering the recombination of photoinduced electron-hole pairs and changing the band position.
Considering economy and practicality,g-C₃N₄ modified with alkali metal and alkali-earth metal has been mostly prepared via lithium (Li), So-dium (Na), potassium (K), barium (Ba), magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca). The researches show that Li and Ca have better effect on the photocatalytic performance of g-C₃N₄, especially Ca. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of g-C₃N₄ is expected to be further improved by diffe-rent preparation technology, such as different precursors selection, mesoporous material as catalyst carrier, the heating mode selection (controlling the heating rate, temperature and duration).
The theoretical basis of alkali metal-doped or alkali-earth metal-doped g-C₃N₄ is the introduction of metal ions will have an impact on the band structure and carrier mobility. But the interaction of metal ions with surrounding atoms and the mechanism of modifying bandgap have not been determined, the realization of the controllable modification of alkali metal-doped or alkali-earth metal doped g-C₃N₄ is still to be studied. The syste-matic research of alkali metal-doped and alkali-earth metal doped g-C₃N₄ needs lots of experiments to form the basis of analysis and verification.
This review concludes the development status of alkali metal-doped g-C₃N₄ and alkali-earth metal-doped g-C₃N₄, and provides elaborate descriptions about the preparation and application of modified g-C₃N₄. The photocatalytic activities of different modified g-C₃N₄ in practical application fields (nitrogen oxides removal, photocatalytic hydrogen evolution, degradation of organic pollutants) are compared. According to the types and quantities of doped elements, the catalyst is divided into single-doping and co-doping, and the enhancement mechanism is reorganized. This article presented the crucial issues of alkali metal-doping and alkali-earth metal-doping that need to be addressed in future research.

Key words： alkali metals alkaline-earth metals g-C₃N₄ visible light photocatalysis

Published: 14 July 2020

CLC number:

U414

Fund:This work was financially supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(51425801),Science Technology Project of Guizhou Province([2017]2035).

About author:: Siqi Li graduated from Taiyuan University of Science and Technology in July 2018, and obtained her Bachelor's degree. Now she is a postgraduate student at College of Civil Engineering, in Chongqing Jiaotong University. She is engaged in the research of synthesis of new kind photocatalyst and their application in the field of air pollutants' degradation.
Zhenzhen Lu graduated from City University of Hong Kong (China) in August 2013, and obtained her Ph.D. degree. Now she is an associate professor at College of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University. She is engaged in the research of synthesis of new kind photocatalyst and their application in the field of air pollutants' degradation.

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Cite this article:

LI Siqi,LU Zhenzhen,ZHANG Qi. Research Progress of Graphitic-C₃N₄ Photocatalytic Materials Doped with Alkali Metals and Alkaline-Earth Metals[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(15): 15039-15046.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19040223 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2020/V34/I15/15039

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