高效单晶硅太阳电池的最新进展及发展趋势

doi:10.11896/cldb.201901012

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Abstract Undoubtedly, crystalline silicon solar modules represented by polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) and monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) play a dominant role in the current photovoltaic market. At present, poly-Si solar modules with low production cost occupy a large market share, but they show relatively low conversion efficiencies. On the contrary, c-Si solar modules with relatively high production cost occupy a smaller market share compared to poly-Si modules, but they behave higher conversion efficiencies. With the progress of silicon material and c-Si wafer cutting technology, the cost of c-Si solar modules is continuously decreasing. There is a booming demand for high-efficient photovoltaic products in the future market. Accordingly, high efficiency c-Si solar cells and modules will be expected to receive more and more attention.
Aiming at further enhancing the device performance of c-Si solar cells, numerous research efforts have been performed, which mainly focus on improving the quality of Si wafers to reduce bulk defects, seeking novel passivation materials to reduce surface and interface defects, developing advanced anti-reflection technology (novel light trapping structures and materials) to raise incident light utilization, introducing low-resistant contact technology to cut down series resistance, optimizing PN junction fabrication and device designs et al. Since 2014, successive breakthroughs of conversion efficiency of c-Si silicon solar cells have been achieved with a current record of 26.6% reported by Kaneka Corp., Japan. c-Si solar cells with efficiency 25% or above include Passivated Emitter and Rear Locally diffused (PERL) cells, Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) cells, Silicon Heterojunction (SHJ) cells, Interdigitated Back Contact and Silicon Heterojunction (HBC) cells, Tunneling Oxide layer Passivation Contact (TOPCon) cells and polysilicon on oxide (POLO) cells, etc. By analyzing the key technologies of these typical c-Si solar cells, it can be concluded that the contact recombination of metal grid electrodes and c-Si at the surface becomes the key influencing factors for the device efficiency. For the sake of weaken such recombination, one approach is to reduce the direct contact area between metal and semiconductor, such as Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell(PERC), PERL and Passivated Emitter and Rear Totally-diffused(PERT)solar cells. Another approach is to develop novel carrier-selective passivation contact, such as SHJ and TOPCon cells, which can achieve excellent surface passivation, separate and transport carriers without opening holes. In addition, the combination of interdigitated back contact and other device structures has become an inevitable choice to maximize light utilization, including IBC and HBC cells.
In this paper, the typical high-efficiency c-Si solar cells with conversion efficiencies of 25% or above are firstly summarized. The corresponding device structure, key technology and materials are analyzed in detail, respectively. At last, the development trends and future prospects of high-efficiency c-Si solar cells are performed.

Key words： monocrystalline solar cells anti-reflection technology novel passivation materials carrier-selective passivation contact interdigitated back-contact

Published: 24 January 2019

CLC number:

TM914.4+1

Fund:This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61474066,61504069),the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (15JCYBJC21200), OEI for Disciplinary Innovation in Universities (B16027), Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology Science Open Fund (2017KFKT015) and Special Funds for Basic Scientific Research Operation of Central Universities.

About author:: Junfan Chen received his B.S. Degree from Shandong University of Technology in September 2016. He is currently pursuing his Master’s degree at Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Nankai University under the supervision of Prof. Guofu Hou. His research has focused on new silicon heterojunction solar cells.Guofu Hou received his Ph.D degree in microelectro-nics and solid-state electronics from Nankai University in 2005. From 2009 to 2010, He worked as a Research Associate at the University of Toledo, USA. He participated in the 10^th, 11^th and 12^th “Five-Year Plan” programs of the Ministry of Science and Technology with focus on the basic research on key scientific and technological issues of low-cost and long-life solar cells. His current research topics focus on two-dimensional materials for photovoltaics, colloidal quantum dot solar cell and crystalline silicon solar cells including SHJ, TOPCon, POLO, DASH et al.

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	CHEN Junfan
	ZHAO Shengsheng
	GAO Tian
	XU Yuzeng
	ZHANG Li
	DING Yi
	ZHANG Xiaodan
	ZHAO Ying
	HOU Guofu

Cite this article:

CHEN Junfan,ZHAO Shengsheng,GAO Tian, et al. High-efficiency Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cells: Development Trends and Prospects[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(1): 110-116.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.201901012 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2019/V33/I1/110

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