纳米碳材料负载过渡金属氧化物用作超级电容器电极材料

doi:10.11896/cldb.201901011

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Abstract Compared with traditional energy storage devices, supercapacitors have been a research hot spot and diffusely adopted in the fields of mobile telecommunication, electric vehicle, aviation and national defense due to their high specific capacitance, high charge-discharge rate, environment-friendly and excellent cycling stability, etc. Among them, the electrode materials of the supercapacitors play a crucial role on their performances, and common electrode materials used for supercapacitors mainly include carbon materials, transition metal oxides, and conducting polymers.
Different materials have diverse charge storage mechanisms. Transition metal oxides exhibit typical pseudo-capacitance behavior, which depends on reversible redox reaction and chemical adsorption/desorption process to store charge. However, transition metal oxides have poor conductivity and cycle stability. Carbon materials mainly performed the characteristics of electrochemical double layer capacitance are relied on the reversible physical adsorption/desorption process between the material surface and electrolyte ions to store energy. In addition, carbon materials possess superb rate capability, conforming to the high requirements of the device lifetime for practical application, while the specific capacitance is relatively low. The composite materials generally exhibit superior electrochemical properties than that of the single component materials. Massive studies indicated that the composite of transition metal oxides and carbon materials was an effective method to solve the above-mentioned problems.
As the preferential substrate materials for the construction of pseudo-supercapacitor, carbon materials with the advantages of rich resource, low cost, light weight, high specific surface area, thermal and chemical stabilities have attracted increasingly attention. Moreover, carbon materials with various structures including zero dimensional (carbon dot and sphere), one dimensional (carbon tube and fiber), two dimensional (graphene and graphene oxide), three dimensional (graphene foam and carbon foam/sponge) carbon materials, etc, have been successfully applied to fabricate carbon-based composite electrode materials and have scored great successes, Zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials with high specific surface area can provide flexibility to adjust porosity and obtain the optimal condition of respective electrolyte solution. One-dimensional nanostructures with high aspect ratio structure and excellent electronic or ionic transport properties can promote the charge transfer of supercapa-citor electrodes. For two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, their high specific surface area, admirable conductivity and superb mechanical pro-perties make them a potential pseudo-supercapacitor and enhance the charge-discharge reaction kinetics between the supercapacitor electrodes. High-performance supercapacitor electrodes can be constructed by utilizing three-dimensional nanomaterials as templates and depositing pseudo-supercapacitor materials.
This article summarizes the capacitive properties of transition metal oxide loaded on different dimensional carbon materials as electrode mate-rials of pseudo-supercapacitor, and overviews their disadvantages in energy storage and future research directions, in order to provide a refe-rence for preparing a high-performance, environmental-friendly and long-life supercapacitor.

Key words： carbon nanomaterials transition metal oxide pseudo-capacitance supercapacitor

Published: 24 January 2019

CLC number:	TB383
	TM53

Fund:This work was financially supported by the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry (20170040), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (0400219376), and Young 1000 Talents Program.

About author:: † These authors contributed equally to this work.Minmin Liu received her PhD in analytical chemistry from Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences for Electroanalytic Chemistry under the supervision of Prof. Wei Chen in Jan. 2016. Following her graduate studies, she began research working as a research associate in the area of synthesis and electrochemical performance of carbon-based nanostructures in Tongji University. She is currently a lectu-rer at Institute of Sustainable Energy in Shanghai University. Her current research interests focus on the design of carbon-based nano-materials (electrode material and electrode catalyst) and their application in the field of electrochemical energy, conversion and storage, including fuel cells and supercapacitors, etc.Chao Cai received his B.E. Degree in polymer material and engineering from Nanjing University of Science and Technology in 2016. He is currently pursuing his master degree at the Tongji University under the supervision of Prof. Rui Liu. His research has focused on mesoporous carbon materials and electrochemistry.Rui Liu received his PhD degree in chemistry from the University of California, Riverside in 2010. He carried out hispostdoctoral research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory from 2011 to 2012. In 2012—2015, he was a postdoctoral associateat Princeton University. In 2015, he was selected in Young Thousand Talented programe and joined Tongji University as a professor. His research interests include polymer self-assembly, carbon nano-particles and energy applications.

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Cite this article:

LIU Minmin,CAI Chao,ZHANG Zhijie, et al. Carbon Nanomaterials Supported Transition Metal Oxides as Supercapacitor Electrodes: a Review[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(1): 103-109.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.201901011 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2019/V33/I1/103

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