天然矿物为模板制备功能炭材料的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.20080165

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Abstract Carbon materials have been widely applied in a variety of technological fields such as environmental remediation, energy storage and conversion, biomedicine, electronic information industry, and national defense science and technology due to their specific microstructure, adjustable pore structure, and excellent physical and chemical stability. In particular, the microstructure of carbon materials plays a determinant role in their practical application performance. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop specific functional carbon materials for different purposes and achieve precise control of their microstructure. Among all preparation methods of carbon materials, using natural minerals as templates has attracted considerable attention due to their overwhelming superiority in ease of operation, abundant resources, and precise regulation of the microstructure of carbon materials. Natural minerals that possess one-dimensional(1D), two-dimensional(2D), and three-dimensional(3D) morphology and unique porous structure can be chosen as a kind of ideal natural template for preparing carbon materials with distinctive structures.
This review introduces the principle of preparing function carbon materials from natural minerals as templates, with a focus on the current research status and development trends of the natural mineral template method in preparation and microstructure regulation of functional carbon materials. The paper mainly concerns three major research subfields. (1) 1D nanocarbon materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanorods (CNRs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) can be obtained via selectively replicating the morphology or pore channel of halloysite, attapulgite, and sepiolite by carbon precursors. Meanwhile, their morphology and pore structure can be easily controlled in the manner of heat treatment, acid activation and other template modification methods. (2) 2D nanocarbon materials like graphene and carbon nanosheets(CNSs) are synthesized by the ordered arrangement of carbon source in the interlayer space of vermiculite, montmorillonite and hydrotalcite. Furthermore, the expanding modification methods for layered mineral templates including thermal treatment and ion exchange have also been adopted to improve the 2D morphology of carbon materials. (3) 3D porous carbon with “micropore, mesopore, macropore” hierarchical porous structure is prepared through the structure guiding effect of zeolite, diatomite and other 3D interlinked porous network mineral templates. More significantly, the unique porous structure can be precisely regulated with the pore-building approaches of CO₂, H₂O and KOH activation. Besides, this paper points out the unresolved issues in the preparation of functional carbon materials using natural minerals as templates and prospect its future development trend, for the purpose of providing some guidance for the development and application of high-performance functional carbon materials.

Key words： natural mineral template method functional carbon material microstructure pore structure structure regulation

Published: 25 June 2022 Online: 2022-06-24

CLC number:

TB34

Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China (51974110, 52074109), the Program for Science & Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province (21HASTIT008),the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province (202102210183),and the National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (201910460033, 202010460063).

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	Articles by authors
	HOU Lei
	HAN Xuefeng
	XING Baolin
	ZENG Huihui
	WANG Zhenshuai
	GUO Hui
	ZHANG Chuanxiang
	CHEN Lunjian

Cite this article:

HOU Lei,HAN Xuefeng,XING Baolin, et al. Research Progress on the Preparation of Functional Carbon Materials Using Natural Minerals as Templates[J]. Materials Reports, 2022, 36(12): 20080165-11.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.20080165 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2022/V36/I12/20080165

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