粉煤灰高值化利用研究现状与进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.20050102

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Abstract The rapid growth of global energy demand has paved the way for the development of natural resources alternatives. However, coal still plays an important role in the world's main energy source. Coal accounted for 29% of global energy supply in 2015, and it is estimated that by 2035, coal will still account for 24% of the energy. As an industrial by-product of coal-fired power plants, the amount of coal fly ash will remain high for a long time. Coal fly ash has become the focus of environmental concern due to its complex composition and unreasonable treatment. At the same time, coal fly ash is a potential resource, which urgently needs to be utilized reasonably. At present, the resource utilization of coal fly ash involves a wide range of fields, but the high-value utilization rate is low. The premise of high-value utilization is to study the properties of coal fly ash. Coal fly ash is composed of solid or hollow amorphous spherical particles, irregular unburned carbon particles and mineral particles such as mullite, quartz, hematite, etc. There are some differences in the physical properties, chemical composition and mineral composition of coal fly ash in different producing areas. Its utilization way and purpose also are not identical. The complex composition of coal fly ash is a major obstacle to high-value utilization. However, the useful components, such as hollow microspheres, unburned carbon, magnetic materials, etccan be separated from complex components by reasonable separation techniques. The chemical composition and mineral composition of fly ash are low-priced raw materials for high value-added products such as geopolymers, glass-ceramics and zeolites.The chemical composition and original particle size of coal fly ash have a great influence on the strength of geopolymers. The optimal technical conditions should be determined on the basis of fully considering the basic properties of coal fly ash when preparing geopolymers. According to the chemical composition of coal fly ash, the glass-ceramics prepared from coal fly ash mainly consist of two systems: CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ and MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂, but the energy consumption of the preparation method is relatively high. The direct sintering method with low energy consumption still needs to be further studied and popularized. There are many application experiments of zeolite synthesized from coal fly ash, but few industrial experiments are carried out. The theoretical research on the preparation of mesoporous silica and silica aerosol experiments is not thorough enough, the conditions are difficult to control, and there is still a long way before industrial production. Based on the physical and chemical properties of coal fly ash, the present situation of high-value utilization of coal fly ash, including separation of useful components, synthesis of geopolymers, preparation of glass-ceramics and preparation of nano-porous materials, is reviewed in this paper. The main problems and development trends of high-value utilization are also analyzed.

Key words： coal fly ash property geopolymer glass-ceramics zeolite

Published: 19 February 2021

CLC number:

X705

About author:: Hongjuan Sun obtained her Ph.D. degree from Sichuan University. She is currently a professor and doctoral supervisor in Southwest University of Science and Technology. She is a member of the China Mineral Compo-sites Professional Committee, member of the Minerals Committee of the Chinese Geological Society, and deputy director of the Sichuan Nano Society. Her current research focuses on preparation and application of nano-mineral materials, preparation and application of graphene materials and treatment of solid waste resources. She has written and coauthored more than 150 journal and conference papers domestically and internationally, and patented several novel technologies in the fields mentioned above. Besides, she has written and published a book. As a chief investigator, she had completed and are conducting tens of projects, including grants from the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China and the provincial and ministerial projects.
Li Zeng received her B.S. degree in environmental engineering from Qinghai University in 2010 and received her master’s degree from School of Environment and Resource, Southwest University of Science and Techno-logy, in 2013. She is currently pursuing her Ph.D. at Southwest University of Science and Technology under the supervision of Prof. Hongjuan Sun. Her research has focused on comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste.
Tongjiang Peng is currently a professor and doctoral supervisor in Southwest University of Science and Technology. He is an expert of China Building Materials Industry Science and Technology Committee, director of Non-metallic Minerals Branch of China Silicate Society, cademic and technical leader of Sichuan Province, expert enjoying special allowance of the State Council. His current research focuses on preparation and application of nano-mineral materials, preparation and application of graphene materials and treatment of solid waste resources. He has written and coauthored more than 200 journal and conference papers domestically and internationally, and patented several novel technologies in the fields mentioned above. Besides, He has written and published three books. As a chief investigator, he had completed and are conducting tens of projects, including National Natural Science Foundation, “863”, the innovation fund project of national science and technology and National Bureau of Building Materials Industry.

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Cite this article:

SUN Hongjuan,ZENG Li,PENG Tongjiang. Research Status and Progress of High-value Utilization of Coal Fly Ash[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(3): 3010-3015.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.20050102 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2021/V35/I3/3010

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