水泥水化产物——水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)的研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.20040204

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Abstract As a major hydration product, calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) determines the properties of cementitious materials from every perspective including strength development, shrinkage, creep, and durability. Thus C-S-H is often considered as the “gene” of cementitious materials. Therefore, a comprehensive knowledge of the compositions, structures and performances of C-S-H would advance our understanding of the intrinsic properties and microstructure development of cementitious materials, thereby the macro performances of cement-based materials can be better controlled and even designed from the bottom up accordingly. In recent years, the development of the advanced characterization and analytical technology provides novel and inspiring methods to the investigation of the C-S-H. Great achievements have been made through an increa-sing number of literatures, which have reported the theories on the nucleation and growth, the improvement on mechanical properties together with morphology controlling of C-S-H.
Synthetic C-S-H which is relatively pure and with higher crystallinity is usually favored by researchers than the amorphous C-S-H gel in cementitious materials. It is demonstrated that the globular C-S-H is observed in the nucleating and growing course of C-S-H synthesized by double decomposition reaction which later on transforms to foil-like C-S-H as the final product, in line with the non-classical nucleation and growth pathway. At sub-particle level, more and more evidences suggest that C-S-H structure is closer to that of tobermorite rather than jennite. At particle level, CM colloidal models are widely used to explain the physical properties, such as specific surface area, and behaviors of the shrinkage and creep of cement-based materials. The extensive investigations on the characteristic parameters of C-S-H, including Ca/Si, the content of water, silicate chain structure and morphology provide more information for the establishment of the relationship between features at the micro/nano level and properties at macroscopic scale. Additionally, the controlling of the intrinsic C-S-H structure provides a promising way to improve the toughness of cementitious materials. Some achievements have been reached compassing the refinement of the pore structure, development of organic-inorga-nic composites and optimization of the microstructure by using nano materials.
The methods of synthesizing C-S-H, nucleation and growth theories of C-S-H as well as structural models are summarized systemically in this paper, through combining the classical theories and the latest investigations. The characteristics of C-S-H micro/nano structure are reviewed mainly from its Ca/Si, H₂O/Si, the degree of polymerization of silicate chain and morphologies. The approaches for controlling and designing C-S-H in terms of morphologies and mechanical properties are introduced. The limitations of the current researches and perspectives for the future on the investigation of C-S-H are provided in the end.

Key words： calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) nucleation and growth model micro/nano structure improvement on mechanical property

Published: 31 May 2021

CLC number:	TQ172.11
	TU528.01

Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China (51890904, 1706222, 51708108, 51708483), and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials Open Fund (2018CEM001).

About author:: Xin Liu received his B.S. degree in Materials Science and Engineering from Southeast University for the Engineering in June 2018. He is currently pursuing his Ph.D. degree at School of Materials Science and Enginee-ring, Southeast University under the supervision of Prof. Changwen Miao and Dr. Pan Feng. His research has focused on the nucleation and growth, deterioration and the improvement of calcium silicate hydrate.
Pan Feng, Ph.D., lecturer of Southeast University, advisor of mater students, deputy director of the Metamaterials Institute of Southeast University, Distinguish Young Scholar of Southeast University. She got her Ph.D. degree from Southeast University. She worked at National Institute of Standards and Technology at USA as visiting scholar and post doctor, and then she joined Southeast University as a faculty in 2016. She has been interested in the microstructure of cement and concrete materials. She has been working as the principle investigator of one Youth Fund supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, one Opening Key Fund supported by the State Key Laboratory, and completed one 973 project as a major investigator. Dr. Feng won the Distinguished Associate Award from NIST in 2016 and the Best Paper award from Journal of the American Ceramic Society in 2019. Dr. Feng has applied for 8 invention patents and published more than 30 SCI papers, for 22 of which she serves as the first or corresponding author.
Changwen Miao received his B.S. degree from Southeast University in 1982. He is the professor of Southeast University, the director and chief expert of the State Key Laboratory of High Performance Civil Engineering Materials. He was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 2011. He has been engaged in the theoretical research of civil engineering materials and the application of engineering technology for decades. He stayed active on the forefront of major engineering construction projects in China for more than 30 years. He concentrated on researches related to the key technologies of anti-crack capa-cities of concrete, the service life of major infrastructure projects, the improvement of durability and the multifunctional civil engineering materials. He has undertaken more than 30 national, provincial and ministerial-level scientific research projects, including the national “973” project and the key projects of the Natural Science Foundation.

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	LIU Xin
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	ZHAO Lixiao
	MU Song
	RAN Qianping
	MIAO Changwen

Cite this article:

LIU Xin,FENG Pan,SHEN Xuyan, et al. Advances in the Understanding of Cement Hydrate — Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H)[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(9): 9157-9167.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.20040204 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2021/V35/I9/9157

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