铝与钢异种材料连接技术及其研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.19040091

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (12)

Download:

Full Text ( PDF ) (5573KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Under the environment of rapid industrial development and energy saving and emission reduction, various industries have increasingly higher requirements on material performance. Therefore, heterogeneous metal structures with more comprehensive performance have attracted attention in recent years focus. The steel-aluminum hybrid structure has been widely used in plenty of industries including aerospace and vehicles because of its functional and economic advantages. For the automotive industry, lightweight is an inevitable trend for future development, and the application of steel-aluminum hybrid bodies is the most direct and effective way to reduce body-in-white weight. At the same time, the emergence of hybrid bodies also puts forward new requirements for the steel-aluminum joining process. There are four types joining processes of steel and aluminum include: fusion welding, brazing, mechanical joining and solid state joining.
Difference between steel and aluminum in physical and chemical properties including melting point, thermal conductivity, ductility, and density makes it hard to join them together. The fusion welding process joint has high strength, but the welding process will produce intermetallic compounds that reduce the strength of the joint; the brazing process joint has high strength, good flatness, and strong controllability of welding para-meters, but it requires more cleanliness of the plate and has welding defects; the mechanical connection process is simple and its joint strength can be guaranteed, but the airtightness of the joint cannot be guaranteed; the solid state joining joint has high strength, but is limited by size and expensive price. In order to improve the quality of steel and aluminum joining joints, there are four main research directions currently: (1) optimization of existing process parameters; (2) plate pretreatment; (3) adjustment of plate position layout and new technology; (4) compound innovation of existing technology.
According to a large number of studies of domestic and foreign researchers on the steel-aluminum joint process, it can be found that: (1) by controlling the experimental parameters, the optimal joint can be obtained under different experimental conditions and joining processes. (2) Pretreatment methods such as pre-coating Al layer or Zn layer on the steel plate makes it easier to join. (3) The relative position of the steel plate and the aluminum plate in the mechanical joining process and the solid state joining process will affect the quality of the joint. For some joining technologies, the addition of new elements such as ultrasonic generator and Zn foil can also optimize joint quality. (4) The quality of composite process joints is significantly better than single process joints, such as SPR + RSW (self-piercing riveting + resistance spot welding), FSW+CMT (friction stir welding + cold metal transition arc welding) and other composite process joints.
This article reviews the four types existing joining process between steel and aluminum, mainly involving the basic principles of the process, technical advantages and disadvantages, joint performance, process essentials, and application occasions. At the same time, the domestic and foreign research status are summarized, including process parameters, material types and sizes, joint performance and morphology, conclusions and experimental data. Finally, the development direction of steel-aluminum joining process is prospected, which can provide a reference for the design and manufacture of steel and aluminum hybrid body.

Key words： lightweight steel and aluminum heterogeneous metal structure joining process

Published: 24 June 2020

CLC number:

TG44

Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China (51775397),China Automotive Industry Innovation and Development Joint Fund (U1564202),New Energy Vehicle Science and Key Technology Discipline Innovation and Innovation Base Funding (B17034),Shanghai Complex Thin Plate Structure Digital Manufacturing Key Laboratory Open Project Grant (2017002)

About author:: Yan Li, born in March 1998, majored in vehicle engineering at Wuhan University of Technology, and his research direction is heterogeneous material connection technology.
Qiu Pang, female, born in October 1979. In 2013, she graduated from Harbin Institute of Technology, majoring in research in the field of lightweight technology. In the past five years, she has hosted the National Na-tural Science Foundation of China (51501133), the Excellent Young and Middle-aged Science and Techno-logy Innovation Team Project of Hubei Province (T201629), and the Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory Open Fund Project of Modern Auto Parts Technology (2014-07), research projects such as technology development projects. Currently published 21 SCI papers

	Service
	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	LI Yan
	HU Zhili
	YU Haiyang
	PANG Qiu

Cite this article:

LI Yan,HU Zhili,YU Haiyang, et al. Research Progress and Technology of Dissimilar Joining Between Aluminum and Steel[J]. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(13): 13167-13174.

URL:

http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.19040091 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2020/V34/I13/13167

1 Zhang L Y. Automobile Technology & Material, 2018(7),1(in Chinese).
张林阳. 汽车工艺与材料, 2018(7), 1.
2 Jiao D N, Wang X F, Tan F,et al. Shandong Industrial Technology, 2019(6), 5(in Chinese).
焦登宁, 王旭飞, 谭飞, 等. 山东工业技术, 2019(6), 5.
3 Li G W, Wang N N, Qiu R F, et al. Light Alloy Fabricati on Technology, 2015(6), 62(in Chinese).
李国伟, 王楠楠, 邱然锋, 等. 轻合金加工技术, 2015(6), 62.
4 Wu K L, Yuan X J, Li T, et al. Journal of Materials Processing Techno-logy, 2019, 266, 230.
5 Singh J, Arora K S, Shukla D K. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018, 783,753.
6 Harada Y, Sada Y, Kumai S. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2016, 23, 75.
7 Lee J S, Ryu Y S, Kim N I, et al. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2009, 19(1), S271.
8 You W. Shandong Industrial Technology, 2018(24), 66(in Chinese).
游伟. 山东工业技术, 2018(24), 66.
9 Yang Y. Laser Welding of dissimiliar metal of aluminium and steel. Master’s Thesis, Changchun University of Science and Technology, China, 2011(in Chineese).
杨阳. 铝与钢的异种材料激光焊接. 硕士学位论文, 长春理工大学, 2011.
10 Peng K. Research of microstructure and properties of aluminium/stainless steel TIG welding-brazing with hot-wire. Master’s Thesis, Harbin Institute of Technology, China, 2012(in Chinese).
彭康. 铝合金/不锈钢异种金属热丝TIG熔-钎焊组织与性能研究. 硕士学位论文, 哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
11 Wu K L, Yuan X J, Wang H D, et al. Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society, 2017(6), 552(in Chinese).
武康龙, 袁新建, 汪浩东, 等. 电子显微学报, 2017(6), 552.
12 Song J L, Lin S B, Yang C L, et al. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 488(1), 217.
13 Li H H,Zhou Q Y, Zhang X G, et al. Automobile Technology & Mate-rial, 2018(6),48(in Chinese).
李红花, 周启玉, 张旭光, 等. 汽车工艺材料, 2018(6), 48.
14 Mori K, Abe Y. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2012, 212, 884.
15 Qiu C, Guan Z D, Du S Y, et al. Composites Part B-Engineering, 2019, 161, 386.
16 Wang Y D, Ye X Y, Liu Y. Automoblile Technology & Material, 2018(5), 10(in Chinese).
王有道, 叶雪洋, 刘岩, 等. 汽车工艺与材料, 2018(5), 10.
17 Xu W H, Zhang Q H. Automoblile Technology & Material, 2017(12), 38(in Chinese).
徐文欢, 张秋花. 汽车工艺与材料, 2017(12), 38.
18 Wang S W. Automobile Maintenance, 2017(12),16(in Chinese).
王圣惟. 汽车维修, 2017(12),16.
19 Yu G. The analysis of CMT weldability for dissimilar metals between aluminum alloys and galvanized steels. Master’s Thesis, Lanzhou University of Technology, China, 2012(in Chinese).
余刚. 铝钢异种金属冷金属过渡技术焊接性研究. 硕士学位论文, 兰州理工大学, 2012.
20 Lenardo Agudo, Dominique Eyide, Christian H, et al. Journal of Mate-rials Science, 2007, 42(12), 4205.
21 Chen C, Kong L, Cheng X T, et al. Electric Welding Machine, 2018(12), 66(in Chinese).
陈灿, 孔谅, 程轩挺, 等. 电焊机, 2018(12), 66.
22 Qiu R F, Shi H X, Zhang K K, et al. Materials Characterization, 2010, 61(7), 684.
23 Lu Y, Mayton E, Song H, et al. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2020,25(3), 218.
24 Harish M R, Kang J D, Shi L T, et al. International Journal of Fatigue, 2018, 116, 13.
25 Arghavani M R, Movahedi M, Kokabi A H. Materials and Design, 2016, 102, 106.
26 Wang T, Zhou D W, Zhang Y. Materials Review A:Review Papers, 2011, 25(12), 106(in Chinese).
王涛, 周惦武, 张屹, 等. 材料导报:综述篇, 2011, 25(12), 106.
27 Yang J, Zhang H, Li Y L. Applied Laser, 2013(5),55(in Chinese).
杨瑾, 张华, 李玉龙. 应用激光,2013(5),55.
28 Sierra G, Peyre P, Beaume F D, et al. Materials Characterization. 2008, 59(12), 1705.
29 Wang Chunming, Cui Lingyue, Mi Gaoyang, et al. Journal of alloys and Compounds,2017,726,556.
30 Fan J, Thomy C, Vollertsen F. Physics Procedia, 2011, 12, 134.
31 Alexandre Mathieu, Rajashekar Shabadi, Alexis Deschamps, et al. Optics & Laser Technlogy, 2007, 39(3), 652.
32 Windmann M, Rottger A, Kvgler H, et al. Journal of Materials Proces-sing Technology, 2015, 217, 88.
33 Zheng W W. Research of process on CMT of aluminum/steel. Master’s Thsis, Zhengzhou University, China, 2018(in Chinese).
郑雯雯. 钢/铝CMT熔-钎焊焊接工艺研究.硕士学位论文, 郑州大学, 2018.
34 Zhang Y, Yang R S, Li F. Automobile Technology & Material, 2017(11), 60(in Chinese).
张勇, 杨如松, 李芳. 汽车工艺与材料, 2017(11), 60.
35 Zhu Y H, Geng Z Q. Electric Welding Machine, 2011(4),69(in Chinese).
朱宇虹, 耿志卿. 电焊机, 2011(4),69.
36 Babu S, Panigrahi S K, Janaki Ram G D, et al. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2019, 266, 155.
37 Cao R, Yu G, Chen J H, et al. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2013, 213(10), 1753.
38 Meng Shenghao. Research on process and mechanism of laser wire wel-ding-brazing for Al/steel dissimilar materials based on interface control. Master’s Thesis, Harbin Institute of Technology, China, 2007(in Chinese).
孟圣昊. 基于界面调控的铝/钢异种金属激光填丝熔钎焊工艺及机理研究. 硕士学位论文, 哈尔滨工业大学, 2007.
39 Wu H, Shi X F. New Technology & New Process, 2018 (11), 11(in Chinese).
吴辉, 石小富. 新技术新工艺, 2018 (11), 11.
40 Wang J M, Wang X W. Hot Working Technology, 2016 (21), 201(in Chinese).
王继明, 王晓伟. 热加工工艺, 2016(21), 201.
41 Wu M F, Si N C, Chen J. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2011, 21(5), 1035.
42 Ran Weifeng. Study on brazing of dissimilar metals of aluminum and steel. Master’s Thesis, Dalian Jiaotong University, China, 2016(in Chinese).
冉伟锋. 铝/钢异种金属的钎焊研究. 硕士学位论文, 大连交通大学, 2016.
43 Takehiko Watanabe, Hideo Sakuyama, Atsushi Yanagisawa. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2009, 209(15-16),5475.
44 Yan X Y. Study on the effect of thermal on joining steels and aluminum alloys. Master’s Thesis, Jilin University, China, 2016(in Chinese).
闫雪燕. 基于热影响的钢铝异种材料零件连接研究. 硕士学位论文, 吉林大学, 2016.
45 Mori K, Abe Y, Kato T. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2012, 212, 1900.
46 Hasheminia S M, Park B C, Chun H J, et al. Composites Part B-Engineering, 2019, 161, 702.
47 Hao Z, Juan P T, et al. Engineering Structures, 2019, 183, 1121.
48 Chen N N, Wang H P, Wang M, et al. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2019, 265, 158.
49 Lou M. Developing of equipment and process of self-piercing riveting for lightweight materials. Master’s Thesis, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China,2009(in Chinese).
楼铭. 自冲铆接设备研制及轻量化材料自冲铆接工艺开发. 硕士学位论文, 上海交通大学, 2009.
50 Shao Q. The numerical and experimental analysis of T-joints used in the lightweight technologies of car body. Master’s Thesis, Dalian University of Technology, China,2013(in Chinese).
邵棋. 用于车身轻量化T型粘接接头的数值实验分析. 硕士学位论文, 大连理工大学,2013.
51 Haque R. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 18(1), 83.
52 Mori K, Kato T, Abe Y, et al. CIRP Annals, 2006, 55(1),283.
53 Abe Y, Kato T, Mori K. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2009, 209(8), 3914.
54 Li Yongbing, Lou Ming, Wang Yuan, et al.Journal of Materials Proces-sing Technlogy, 2014,214(10), 2119.
55 Xiang Q. Study on process and mechanical properties of friction stir welded dissimilar Al-steel joints. Master’s Thesis, Shenyang Ligong University, China,2015(in Chinese).
相倩. 铝-钢异种金属搅拌摩擦焊工艺及性能研究. 硕士学位论文, 沈阳理工大学, 2015.
56 Xu A L. China Strategic Emerging Industry, 2018(24), 167(in Chinese).
徐安莲. 中国战略新兴产业, 2018(24), 167.
57 Takehiko Watanabe, Hirofumi Takayama, Atsushi Yanagisawa. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2006, 178(1-3), 342.
58 Mishra R S, Ma Z Y. Materials Science and Engineering R:Reports, 2005, 50(1-2), 1.
59 Shen Z, Ding Y, Chen J, et al. Journal of Materials Science & Technology, 2019, 35, 1027.
60 Piccini J M, Svoboda H G.Procedis Materials Science, 2015, 9, 504.
61 Jamie D Skovron, Laine Mears, et al. SAE International, 2015, 8(1), 35.
62 Emel T, Jerry E G, John C, et al. Materials and Design, 2010, 31,2305.
63 Muralimohan C H, Haribabu S, Hariprasada R Y, et al. Journal of Advances in Mechanical Engineering and Science, 2015, 1(1), 57.
64 Mumin Sahin. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2009, 41(5), 487.
65 He L, Wei X B. Sci-Tech & Development of Enterprise, 2015(17), 22(in Chinese).
何柳, 魏小宝. 企业科技与发展, 2015(17), 22.
66 Li Shuhan, Chen Yuhua, Kang Jidong, et al. Materials Letters,2019, 239, 212.
67 Zheng Qixian, Feng Xiaomei, Shen Yifu, et al. Jounral of Alloys and Compounds, 2016, 686, 693.