超薄金属透明导电膜及其应用研究进展

doi:10.11896/cldb.18040164

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Abstract Transparent conductive thin films are widely used in optoelectronic devices such as displays, solar cells and light-emitting diodes. In recent years, with the innovation of information technology and new materials, flexible electronic devices have been rapidly developed in the fields of display, energy and wearable electronics, which poses new challenges to the flexibility of transparent conductive thin films. Compared with other types of flexible transparent conductive thin films, ultrathin metal transparent conductive thin films have the advantages of flexibility, high electrical conductivity, uniform photoelectric performance, good stability, low cost and large-scale preparation, and are expected to be ideal mate-rials for replacing ITO. The growth of ultrathin metal thin films is closely related to their photoelectric properties. Metals generally have higher surface energy than dielectric substrates and thus grow in Volmer-Weber mode, resulting in a high threshold thickness. For metal thin films with thickness below threshold thickness, in terms of electrical properties, the nanocluster morphology causes electrons to be excessively scattered at grain boundaries and surface and suppresses electron mobility, resulting in high resistivity. In terms of optical properties, discrete nanoclusters also induce localized surface plasmon resonance, which causes the transmittance curve of ultrathin metal films to decrease significantly at specific wavelength. Although further increasing the thickness of films can lower the resistivity, the transmittance will decrease accordingly. Therefore, the continuous morphology and low threshold thickness of metal films is the key to obtain good optical and electrical properties at the same time. The existing methods for reducing the threshold thickness of ultrathin metal thin films include the addition of oxide buffer layers and metal seed layers, surface treatments, doping and low-temperature deposition. The method of adding oxide buffer layers is the most commonly used for preparing ultrathin metal films due to the advantages of rich material selection and simple and controllable preparation process. The addition of metal seed layer and doping can effectively improve the wettability of metal thin films, while the introduction of other metals will arise the problem of optical loss, reducing the transmittance of metal films to some extent. The surface treatment method inhibits the diffusion of metal atoms with the covalent chemical bonds between the functional groups of the polymers and metals and has less influence on the optical properties of films. The low-temperature deposition is rarely used because of the requirements for precise temperature control and expensive equipments. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on ultrathin metal transparent conductive films. Firstly, the growth mode, electrical properties, and optical properties of ultrathin metal transparent conductive films are summarized. The methods and mechanism to reduce the threshold thickness of ultrathin metal films are introduced in details. The applications of ultrathin metal transparent conductive films in solar cells, OLEDs, long-range surface plasmon waveguides, and low-E coatings are presented. Finally, the research trends of development for ultrathin metal films are discussed.

Key words： flexible transparent conductive thin films ultrathin metal films optical and electrical properties continuous growth

Published: 21 May 2019

CLC number:

TB31

Fund:This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61774160), International Cooperation Program of Ningbo (2017D10005), and the Program for Ningbo Municipal Science and Technology Innovative Research Team (2016B10005).

About author:: Junjun Xu received her B.E degree in metallic mate-rials in Nanjing Tech University in 2016. She is studying for M.E degree jointly trained by Shanghai University and Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering and engaged in research at the latter. Her research is focused on ultrathin metal films.Weijie Song received his Ph.D. degree in physical chemistry from Tsinghua University in 2002. From 2002 to 2006, he worked in National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) of Japan. Now, he is a professor and a doctoral supervisor in Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests are technology of new energy, functional materials and nanometer devices. A number of national and provincial projects and enterprise cooperation projects have been completed and under research. He has published more than 90 SCI papers and been authorized over 20 Chinese invention patents.

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	XU Junjun
	HUANG Jinhua
	SHENG Wei
	WANG Zhaozhao
	ZHAO Wenkai
	LI Jia
	YANG Ye
	WAN Dongyun
	SONG Weijie2

Cite this article:

XU Junjun,HUANG Jinhua,SHENG Wei, et al. Research Progress on Ultrathin Metal Transparent Conductive Films and Their Applications[J]. Materials Reports, 2019, 33(11): 1875-1881.

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http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/10.11896/cldb.18040164 OR http://www.mater-rep.com/EN/Y2019/V33/I11/1875

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