mETALS AND mETAL mATRIX COmPOSITES |
|
|
|
|
|
Advances in the Study of Phase Formation Theory of High Entropy Alloys |
ZHAO Xuerou, LYU Yukun, SHI Tuo
|
School of materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021 |
|
|
Abstract Different from the conventional binary alloys, multi-principal high entropy alloys (HEAs) are usually composed of five or more elements, exhibiting the characteristics of lattice structural distortion, slow diffusion of atoms and high structural stability. As a novel alloy, HEAs is prone to obtain solid-solution phase and nanostructure with high thermal stability, and even amorphous phase. HEAs show superior comprehensive properties to the conventional alloy, which holds significant academic research value and considerable industrial application potential. The composition and microstructures of the material determine its final properties. The design of multi-principal component makes phase composition of HEAs more complicated. Accordingly, it is of great importance for the design of HEAs to predict the phase formation rules of the given HEAs accurately through theoretical calculations. It has been found that mixed enthalpy Hmix can determine the phase composition in HEAs. Nevertheless, the multi-principal high-entropy alloy phase can not be predicted precisely via simple mixing enthalpy parameters, and more parameters are proposed in the development process of high-entropy alloys. Previous studies have proved that solid solution (SS) phase and intermetallic compound (Im) phase in HEAs can be predicted by atomic radius difference δr, ratio of entropy and enthalpy parameter Ω(TA), yet they fail to predict the type of solid solution. However, the supplement of parameters KCr1(TA) raises the accuracy of phase prediction at a given heat treatment temperature. The value of the SS phase formation domain turns smaller after heat treatment, indicating the formation of another phase after heat treatment the Im phase. The VEC criterion can predict solid solution phase type of FCC and BCC HEAs, but it is not applicable for all high-entropy alloys. The difference of electronegativity ΔX can predict stability of topological closed phase of most HEAs (except for the one containing a large amount of Al), and topological closed phase would be stable when ΔX>0.133. For the sake of predicting the phase formation rules of HEAs more accurately, the prediction models of CALPHAD (computer coupling of phase diagrams and thermochemistry) is proposed by scholars. Since the kinetic effect of FCC is larger than BCC structure, it is worse to employ CALPHAD to predict the phase composition of FCC, while the prediction of BCC phase by CALPHAD is quite precise. Howe-ver, using only one parameter md (the average energy level of d orbital of alloyed transition metal), the molecular orbital theory is capable of predicting TCP/GCP phase formed by the solid-solution and transition metal in nickel-based, cobalt-based and iron-based HEAs. Based on the phase formation law of conventional alloys, the phase structure model of high entropy alloys is clarified by studying the current theory of phase formation of high entropy alloys. The theoretical prediction model of the solid solution and intermetallic compound, Face-centered cube (FCC), Body-centered cube (BCC) and Close-packed hexagonal(HCP) structured HEAs, solid solution and the second phase are summarized. The pros and cons of all phases formation theoretical prediction models are analyzed, and a more complete set of HEA prediction flow is proposed, which is benefit to the beginners to design the composition of HEAs.
|
Published: 10 April 2019
|
|
Fund:This work was financially supported by Basic Research Program of Natural Science of Shaanxi Province (2017Jm5057), Special Research Plan of the Department of Education of Shaanxi Province (17JK0372), Fund of the Key Laboratory of the ministry of Education of Shaanxi Province (17JS054) |
About author:: Xuerou Zhao received her B.E. degree in metal material Engineering from Xi'an Technological University in 2017. She is currently pursuing her Ph.D. at the Xi'an Technological University under the supervision of Prof. Jian Chen and teacher Yukun Lyu. Her research has focused on effect of cooling rate on high entropy alloy.Yukun Lyu Ureceived his B.E. degree from Hebei United University in 2006 and received his Ph.D. degree in polymer chemistry and physics from College of materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University in 2013. His research interests are high-entropy alloy,earthquake-resistant steel and fatigue properties and new aluminum-magnesium alloy. |
|
|
1 Zhu Z X. Engineering materials,Tsinghua University Press,China,2000 (in Chinese). 朱张校.工程材料,清华大学出版社,2000. 2 Davis J R. metals hand book,China machine Press,China,2011(in Chinese). Davis J R. 金属手册,机械工业出版社,2011. 3 Guo H,Eckert J,et al. Nature materials,2003,2(1),33. 4 Li A m,Zhang X Y. materials Review, 2007,21(11),56(in Chinese). 李安敏,张喜燕. 材料导报,2007,21(11),56. 5 Zhang Y,Zhou Y J. materials Science Forum,2007,561-565,1337. 6 Xu Z Y,Li L. materials thermodynamics,Science Press,China,2000 (in Chinese). 徐祖耀,李麟. 材料热力学,科学出版社,2000. 7 Greer A L. Nature, 1993,366,303 . 8 Hume-Rothery W,Smallman R W,Haworth C W. The structure of metals and alloys, the metals and metallurgy Trust, London, 1969. 9 Zhang Y.Amorphous and high entropy alloys, Science Press,China,2010(in Chinese). 张勇.非晶和高熵合金, 科学出版社,2010. 10 Lin S,Hui L,Xue X,et al. Advanced materials Research,2013,634,1263. 11 Zhang Y,Chen m B,Yang X,et al. Advanced technology of high-entropy alloys,Chemical Industry Press,China,2017(in Chinese). 张勇,陈明彪,杨潇,等. 先进高熵合金技术,化学工业出版社,2017. 12 Zhao Y J,Qiao J W,ma S G,et al. materials and Design,2016,96,10. 13 Zhang Y,Zuo T T,Tang Z,et al.Progress in materials Science,2014,61,1. 14 Ng C,Guo S,Luan J,et al.Intermetallics,2012,31,165. 15 Feuerbacher m,Heidelmann m,Thomas C. Journal of materials Research,2014,3,1. 16 Takeuchi A,Amiya K,Wada T,et al.Journal of mechanics,2014,66 (10),1984. 17 Choudhuri D,Alam T,Borkar T,et al. Scripta materialia. 2015,100,36. 18 Yeh J W,Lin S J,Chin T S,et al. metallurgical and materials Transactions A,2004,35(8),2533. 19 Huang P K,Yeh J W,Shun T T,et al. Advanced Engineering materials,2004,6 (1-2),74. 20 Zhang Y,Zhou Y J,Lin J P,et al. Advanced Engineering materials,2008,10 (6),534. 21 Lu Y P,Jiang H,Guo S,et al. Intermetallics,2017,91,124. 22 Akira T,Inoue A. materials Ttansactions,2005,46 (12),2817. 23 Wang Z,Guo S,Liu C T. Acta materialia,2019,166,677. 24 Yang X,Zhang Y. materials Chemistry and Physics,2012,132 (2-3),233. 25 Zhang Y,Zhou Y J,Lin J P,et al. Advanced Engineering materials,2008,10 (6),534. 26 Guo S,Hu Q,Ng C,et al. Intermetallics,2013,41,96. 27 Guo S. Journal of materials Science & Technology,2015,31 (10),1223. 28 Egami T. materials Science and Engineering, 1997,226-228,261. 29 miracle D B ,Sanders W S,Senkov O N. Philosophical magazine,2003,3 (20),2409. 30 Wang Z J,Qiu W F,Yang Y,et al. Intermetallics,2015,64,63. 31 Ding H Y,Yao K F. Non-Cryst Solids,2013,9,364. 32 Ding H Y,Shao Y,Gong P,et al. materials Letters, 2014,125,151. 33 Huo J T,Huo L S,men H,et al. Intermetallics,2015,58,31. 34 Lu Z P,Wang H,Chen m W. et al. Intermetallics,2015,66,67. 35 Troparevsky m C,morris J R,Daene m,et al. Journal of metals,2015,67 (10),2350. 36 Senkov O N,miracle D B. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2016,658,603. 37 Guo S,Ng C,Lu J,et al. Journal of Applied Physics,2011,109,103505 38 Wang Z,Huang Y,Wang J. Philosophical magazine Letters,2015,95,1. 39 miracle D B,miller J D,Senkov O N,et al. Entropy,2014,16 (1),494. 40 Yeh J W. Annales de Chimie-science des materiaux,2006,31(6),633. 41 mansoori G A,Carnahan N F,Starling K E. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics,971,54,1523. 42 Raghavan R,Hari Kumar K C,murty B S. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2012,544,152. 43 Otto F,Yang Y,Bei H,et al. Acta materialia,2013,61(7),2628. 44 Kaufman L,Bernstein H. Computer calculation of phase diagrams,Academic Press,New York,1970. 45 Zhong Y,Wolverton C,Chang Y A,et al. Acta materialia,2004,52 (9),2739. 46 Zhang F,Liu S H,Wang J C,et al. CALPHAD: Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry,2017,57,28. 47 Chang K,Hallstedt B.CALPHAD: Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry,2011,35,160. 48 Dong Y,LuY P,Li J,et al. Intermetallics,2014,52,105. 49 morinaga m ,Yukawa N,Ezaki H,et al. Philosophical magazine,1985,A 51,223. 50 matsumoto Y,morinaga m,Nambu T,et al. Journal of Physics-condensed matter,1996,8,3619. 51 morinaga m,Yukawa N ,Adachi H.Journal of Physics F: metal Physics,1985,15,1071. 52 Saad Sheikh,Uta Klement,Guo S. Journal of Applied Physics,2015,118(19),194902. |
|
|
|