Technological Advances in the Consolidation of Historical Woods
WANG Qi1, FENG Xinhao1,2,*, LIU Xinyou1
1 College of Furnishings and Industrial Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China 2 Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Abstract: As a complex multi-level wall material, wood has been widely used in architecture, furniture, decoration and other fields due to its excellent characteristics such as high ratio of strength to weight and reproducibility, and has become one of the indispensable green and environmental protection materials for national economic development. However, wood is vulnerable to insects and fungi in the process of production and application, which greatly limits the exploitation of wood products application advantages, but also increases the difficulty of ancient wood conservation and restoration. In order to better preserve the historical and cultural heritage, extend the historical life ofancient wood and promote the efficient and sustainable utilization of wood resources, this paper provides an overview of the main degradation and destruction forms and biochemical changes of wood in architectural heritages and ancient buildings from the perspective of wooden structure, historical applications and their forms of destruction. Then, from the viewpoint of material science, the conservation strategies and consolidation methods of ancient wood are reviewed, with emphasis on the summary and analysis of the properties and uses of different consolidation materials and their methodological characteristics for the conservation of ancient wood, especially the application of bio-based consolidation materials in the context of ‘carbon peak and neutrality’. Finally, the performance characterization methods of reinforced wood are summarized and sorted out in order to provide a strong basis for the effective utilization of consolidated wood. Meanwhile, it will lay the theoretical foundation for the research and development of green, efficient and environmentally friendly wood consolidation and protection technologies, and provide technical support for China to achieve the goal of ‘carbon peak and neutrality’ in the forest industry.
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