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材料导报  2020, Vol. 34 Issue (21): 21155-21165    https://doi.org/10.11896/cldb.19060200
  金属与金属基复合材料 |
磁控电弧焊接过程及新技术研究进展
孙雅杰, 常云龙*
沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110870
Development of Magnetically Controlled Arc Welding Process and New Technology
SUN Yajie, CHANG Yunlong
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
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摘要 电弧等离子体具有导电性,在不同类型的外加磁场作用下,电弧的形态、空间位置、电弧运动的特点发生改变,进而改变电弧行为,影响熔滴过渡过程,减少飞溅,对熔池流动也有重要影响。通过电磁搅拌作用可以提高焊缝成形及焊缝质量。
在焊接过程中如何控制构件的形状和性能成为焊接过程中迫切需要解决的两大重要问题。研究发现,由于磁场的电磁搅拌作用,焊接接头的组织得到改善,晶粒变得细小均匀,焊接接头缺陷明显减少,焊缝表面由凹凸不平变得光滑,力学性能有所提高。
磁场在焊接领域的应用过程中,产生了新技术及新设备,如磁控电弧增材制造技术、磁旋弧焊接技术等。
本文主要阐述了低频及高频磁场对电弧焊接过程的影响,尤其对不同类型的磁场、不同参数及不同焊接方法作用下的电弧形态、熔滴过渡及熔池流动过程的影响进行探讨分析,重点介绍了磁控电弧增材制造技术、磁旋弧焊接技术等,并对磁控焊接技术的美好未来进行了展望,磁控焊接技术正逐步向高效化、自动化、智能化等发展。
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孙雅杰
常云龙
关键词:  外加磁场(EMF)  电弧焊接  组织  性能  增材制造(AM)  磁旋弧    
Abstract: Under thediverse external magnetic field (EMF), the arc shape, spatial position and motion characteristics of arc are changed, as arc plasma is conductivity. The arc behavior, droplet transfer, the flow of weld pool are impacted by EMF, therefore, the Splash reduction, The weld formation and welding quality can be improved by electromagnetic stirring.
How to control the arc shape and the mechanical properties of components in welding process has become two significance problems to be solved urgently, The study found that the microstructure of the welded joint can be improved, the grain size can be fine and uniform, the defects of the welded joint can be obviously reduced, the surface can be smooth, and the mechanical properties can be improved since the external magnetic field can achieve electromagnetic stirring.
The new technology and new equipment have been produced with the application of magnetic field, such as addition manufacturing, magnetic rotating arc welding, etc.
This review offers effects of low frequency and high frequency magnetic fields on arc welding process, especially under thediverse external magnetic field, parameters and welding methods, the arc morphology, droplet transfer and molten pool flow are analyzed. Magnetron arc additive manufacturing technology and magnetic rotation arc welding technology are mainly introduced. The bright future of magnetically controlled arc welding process is prospected. magnetically controlled arc welding is gradually developing in the direction of high efficiency, automation and intelligence.
Key words:  external magnetic field (EMF)    arc welding    structure    property    additive manufacturing(AM)    magnetic rotation arc welding
               出版日期:  2020-11-10      发布日期:  2020-11-17
ZTFLH:  TG442  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(51575362);沈阳双百工程 (Z17-5-070)
作者简介:  孙雅杰,2016年6月毕业于辽宁科技大学,获得工学学士学位。现为沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院硕士研究生,在常云龙教授的指导下进行研究。目前主要研究领域为先进连接技术及增材制造技术。
常云龙,沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院教授,博士研究生导师,享受国务院政府特殊津贴专家,现任省先进焊接技术重点实验室主任;中国焊接学会常务理事,主要专注于焊接技术领域研究,主持国家基金、省重点、省基金、省/市重点实验室、市重大成果转化等项目近20项,承担企业合作项目10余项。获省科技进步二等奖。出版专著2部,参编4部,发表学术论文60余篇,授权发明专利6项,专利技术转让2项。
引用本文:    
孙雅杰, 常云龙. 磁控电弧焊接过程及新技术研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2020, 34(21): 21155-21165.
SUN Yajie, CHANG Yunlong. Development of Magnetically Controlled Arc Welding Process and New Technology. Materials Reports, 2020, 34(21): 21155-21165.
链接本文:  
http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/10.11896/cldb.19060200  或          http://www.mater-rep.com/CN/Y2020/V34/I21/21155
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