Surface Engineering Materials and Technology

Research Progress of Piezoelectric Force Microscope on Surface Domain Structure of Ferroelectrics Article

HE Dongyu, MA Guozheng, XING Zhiguo, WANG Haidou

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21120259 -21. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21120259

Abstract （2222）

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Progress on the Design and Preparation of Bioinspired Slippery Surface Article

FAN Haifeng, GUO Zhiguang

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21110226 -21. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21110226

Abstract （1842）

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Save Inspired by the Nepenthes pitcher in nature, the slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) are prepared by injecting the low surface energy liquids into the rough substrate, forming a stable and continuous solid/liquid composite film, which isolates the substrate from direct contact with the ambient fluid. Due the low surface energy of the lubricating oil layer, various liquids with different surface tensions slide on the slippery surface with little resistance, and it is difficult to infiltrate and adhere to the surface. Based on these characteristics, the slippery surfaces have a wide range of applications in anti-corrosion, anti-icing/anti-frosting, self-cleaning, antibacterial, anti-microbial adhesion and so on. However, due to the fluid characteristics of the lubricating oil, the slippery surfaces will inevitably face the problem of lubricating oil loss in practical applications, eventually leading to the failure of slippery performance. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the stability and durability of slippery surface. In recent years, in order to reduce the loss of lubricating oil, a lot of research about the construction of rough structure, selection of modifiers and lubricating oil have been done from the design and preparation of slippery surface, which have achieved fruitful results. In this review, we mainly focus on how to design and prepare slippery surface with good stability and durability to prolong the longevity of slippery surface. Firstly, the design principles of slippery surfaces are introduced briefly. Then, the effects of rough structure, the properties of modifier and lubricating oil on the stability of slippery surface are reviewed in detail from the design and preparation of liquid-infused slippery surface. After that, the preparation process of solid slippery surface is summarized as well as the problems faced. Finally, the development prospects are reviewed in the hope that the review will provide reference for the preparation of slippery surface with excellent stability and durability.

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Current Status on Performance Enhancement of Shield Machine/TBM Cutter Ring Article

WANG Haoping, ZHANG Mengqi, MO Jiliang

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):22010052 -9. DOI:10.11896/cldb.22010052

Abstract （1710）

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Research Progress and Prospect of Tribological Properties of Cold Sprayed Copper-based Composite Coatings Article

CHEN Wenyuan, TAN Hui, CHENG Jun, ZHU Shengyu, YANG Jun

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21080083 -7. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21080083

Abstract （1471）

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Save Copper-based composite coatings have been widely used in vital fields such as rail transportation, marine ships, metallurgy and chemical industry because of their good thermal and electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance and anti-wear property. The main coating deposition methods of powder metallurgy, thermal spraying and electroplating have the disadvantages of high preparation temperature, substrate thermal damage and high internal stress, which seriously limit the development and performance enhancement of the copper-based composite coatings. Cold spraying can solve the above problems and provide a new method for the preparation and application of the copper-based composite coating with good mechanical and tribological properties.
However,at present, for the cold spraying, the hard particle reinforcement phase and inorganic lubrication phase are difficult to deposit and their interfaces with the matrix are weak. These shortages have adverse effects on the design and preparation of the cold sprayed copper-based composite coatings with good mechanical and tribological properties. Therefore, how to achieve design of the composition and structure, and preparation of cold sprayed copper-based composite coatings with the high density, low wear and corrosive resistance, become the focus and difficulty of the research on the tribological properties of cold sprayed copper-based composite coatings in the future.
In the process of cold sprayed copper-based composite coating preparation and the studies of its tribological properties, the researchers realized the effective deposition of hard particles and inorganic solid lubricants by means of the metal coated powders and mechanical ball milling. In addition, heat treatment, laser remelting and friction stir welding play a positive role in improving the plasticity and the particle interface bonding of cold sprayed copper-based composite coatings, which is expected to achieve the synergistic optimization of microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings.
In this paper, the research status and development prospect of thetribological properties of cold sprayed copper-based composite coatings are reviewed. The development of cold spraying and the principle of the coating deposition are provided. The research progress of the tribological properties and the influence of post-treatment technology on the structure and properties of the coatings are summarized. It is expected to be useful for the design, preparation and application of cold sprayed copper-based composite coatings that related to friction and wear.

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Research Progress of Key Technology and Process of Magnetorheological Finishing Article

XIAO Qiang, WANG Jiaqi, JIN Longping

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):20080279 -10. DOI:10.11896/cldb.20080279

Abstract （2479）

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Save With the increasing demand for ultra smooth planar components, the surface roughness should reach nanometer level, the surface shape accuracy should reach micron level, and there should be no surface and subsurface damage. The traditional ultra precision polishing techno-logy is low efficiency, high cost, difficult to control, easy to produce surface subsurface damage, which is difficult to meet the production requirements. Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) is a kind of ultra precision machining technology which uses the rheological property of MRF slurry in magnetic field. It is a new precision manufacturing method. The polishing process can be effectively controlled, and can achieve precision polishing, which can achieve ultra precision quality requirements.
This paper analyzes and summarizes the key contents of magnetorheological fluid and magnetic pole in magnetorheological finishing. The components and common materials of MRF are described in detail, as well as three major indexes: settlement stability, magnetomechanical properties and shear yield stress. The results show that the sedimentation rate and stability of MRF are related to the composition of MRF. The sedimentation rate of MRF is different with different magnetic sensitive particles. Different additives can be used to change the sedimentation performance by changing the surface activity of magnetic sensitive particles. The only component of magnetorheological fluid is magnetic sensitive particle under the action of magnetic field, the magnetic sensitive particles gradually form a chain structure and are in the state of condensation. When the magnetization of the magnetic sensitive particles increases, the shear stress also changes, showing an obvious increase trend. At the same time, the influence of different configuration of magnetic pole on magnetic field and the influence of different arrangement of magnetic pole on magnetic field and polishing effect are summarized. The effects of different arrangement of magnetic poles on the size of magnetic field and the uniformity of polishing pad are described. Cylindrical and square cylindrical magnets are the most ideal permanent magnet shapes compared with other magnetic poles.
In this paper, the new research directions of MRF technology are summarized, including cluster MRF technology, combined MRF technology which can process curved surface, global MRF polishing technology and ultrasonic MRF composite processing technology. The working principle and process effect of these methods are introduced. Finally, the current stage of MRF is analyzed, the problems existing in the research of polishing technology are summarized, and the future development direction is prospected.

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Research Progress on High Temperature Tribological Properties of Ternary MAX Phase Layered Ceramic Materials Article

ZHU Xianyong, DING Zhenyu, MA Guozheng, PIAO Zhongyu, FU Tianli, ZHOU Li, YU Tianyang, GUO Weiling, WANG Haidou

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21090166 -11. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21090166

Abstract （1461）

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Save With the development of modern industry, traditional lubricating greases are difficult to meet the lubrication requirements of parts under high temperature conditions. As a new high-temperature self-lubricating material with a ternary laminar structure, MAX phase has received extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad in the field of high-temperature wear-resistant self-lubrication. The self-lubricating principle of MAX phase materials is that the M-position and A-position elements diffuse to the surface of the material and combine with the oxygen in the environment under the friction or thermal force, continuously forming a stable oxide lubricating film which can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and wear rate of the material. More than 80 kinds of MAX phases can be synthesized through experiments. Three of the most widely studied material systems are titanium-silicon carbon and their composites, titanium-aluminum carbon and their composites, and chromium-aluminum carbon and their composites.
This paper focuses on the mechanical and tribological properties of the above three MAX phase materials and their composites. It is analytically found that the composition, working conditions and preparation technology of MAX phase ceramic composites have an important impact on the tribological properties of the materials. Good wettability is required between the components of MAX phase composites in order to form dense and uniform composites. For example, titanium silicon carbon has poor wettability with nickel but good wettability with copper. MAX phase self-lubricating material is difficult to form stable oxide lubricating film at lower temperature than 400 ℃ and under light load, and meanwhile the preparation technology at lower temperature can effectively prevent MAX phase materials from the thermal decomposition in the preparation process, which is more conducive to the formation of lubricating film on the surface of materials. It is worth noting that the titanium-aluminum-carbon material can release carbon to the surface and graphitize at room temperature, and its tribological properties at room temperature to 400 ℃ are better than other MAX phase materials. Through the analysis and comparison of MAX phase materials with different A-site elements, it is found that the diffusion rate of Al in the material is higher than that of Si, Ge and other elements, so the oxidation film formation rate and oxidation resistance of aluminum containing MAX phase materials are better than that of silicon containing MAX phase composites. At the same time, the oxides formed in situ by aluminum containing MAX phase materials can repair micro and nano cracks in the materials.
Some new MAX phase materials with application potential in special fields, such as nuclear industry, energy storage materials and superconducting materials, are also introduced in this paper. Finally, the intrinsic characteristics and preparation technology of MAX phase materials are analyzed and summarized, and their application prospect and research direction in wide temperature range self-lubricating materials and complex engineering parts are prospected, in order to provide reference for the engineering application of MAX phase materials in high temperature wear-resistant self-lubricating field.

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Research Progress of Material Removal Mechanism in Plane Lapping and Polishing of Hard-Brittle Materials Article

LIU Ning, ZHU Yongwei, LI Xue, WU Pengfei

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21060121 -12. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21060121

Abstract （1818）

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Save Hard-brittle materials have low expansion coefficient, high strength and stable chemical properties, which are widely used in aerospace, optical devices, integrated circuits and other key industry fields. However, brittle fracture issue is easy to occur due to its high hardness and poor toughness, and it will severely affect processing efficiency and surface quality. Therefore, how to achieve the high material removal rate (MRR) and gain a low-damage machined surface is the main challenge for hard-brittle materials at present.
Lapping and polishing are the common processing methods to realize the surface flattening of hard-brittle materials, which can obtain the good MRR and nano-scale surface roughness. The workpiece is removed by cutting, ploughing, squeezing and scratching of abrasives during the lapping process, and this removal form is efficient but will cause the serious subsurface damage. Thus, the chemical reaction between slurry and workpiece materials is usually utilized in polishing process to further eliminate the damage and improve the surface quality.
Nevertheless, the machining systems of the lapping and polishing are complicated with many influencing factors. In order to regulate the processing parameters rationally, it is necessary to study the material removal mechanism deeply. Currently, the material removal mechanism of hard-brittle materials can be divided into two aspects, mechanical effect and chemical-mechanical synergistic operation. The mechanical effect can be classified as ductile removal and brittle removal, while the chemical-mechanical synergistic operation is manifested as solid-phase reactions and chemical bonding and fracture, which result from friction and slurry respectively.
This paper introduces several processing technologies for hard-brittle materials in plane lapping and polishing, and reviews the material removal mechanism from the perspective of mechanical and chemical-mechanical synergy effect. Finally, we focus on the problems confronting in the current investigation and prospect the research directions in the future.

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Heat Treatment Process of Induction Braze Coating of Rotary Blades Article

LONG Weimin, QIN Jian, LU Quanbin, LIU Dashuang, WU Aiping

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21090163 -5. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21090163

Abstract （1256）

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Study on Hydrophobicity of Surface Texture on Fe-based Amorphous Alloy Coating Treated by Nanosecond Laser Article

XU Junjie, KANG Jiajie, YUE Wen, ZHOU Yongkuan, ZHU Lina, FU Zhiqiang, SHE Dingshun

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21120134 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21120134

Abstract （1208）

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Microstructure and Properties of Cold Sprayed Cu-Ti₃SiC₂ Composite Coatings with Different Ceramic Contents Article

YU Tianyang, MA Guozheng, GUO Weiling, HE Pengfei, HUANG Yanfei, LIU Ming, WANG Haidou

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21120172 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21120172

Abstract （1304）

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Microstructure and Strength Evaluation of EA4T Axle Steel Repaired by Laser-cladding Article

XIAO Peng, GAO Jiewei, LIU Ligen, HAN Jing

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21070180 -7. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21070180

Abstract （1359）

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Design and Research of Substituting Electroplating Chromium Coating on Metallurgical Cold Roll Surface Based on Finite Element Method Article

SUN Wei, ZHANG Shuting, DU Kaiping, OUYANG Peixuan, YANG Jinhe

Materials Reports 2022,36(7 ):21060140 -6. DOI:10.11896/cldb.21060140

Abstract （1169）

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